ATI RN
MSN 570 Advanced Pathophysiology Final 2024
1. Which of the following is a factor that leads to increased risk for dehydration in the elderly?
- A. More insensible losses
- B. Increase in muscle mass
- C. Decline in kidney function
- D. Decrease in fat
Correct answer: Decline in kidney function
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decline in kidney function. As people age, their kidneys may not work as effectively in conserving water and concentrating urine, leading to a higher risk of dehydration. Choice A is incorrect because more insensible losses do not directly relate to an increased risk of dehydration in the elderly. Choice B, an increase in muscle mass, is not a factor that leads to dehydration. Choice D, a decrease in fat, is also not a direct factor contributing to dehydration in the elderly.
2. Which of the following assessments is found in neurovascular compromise?
- A. Tingling
- B. Strong pulses
- C. Warm skin
- D. Full range motion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Tingling is a common sign of neurovascular compromise.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a continuous enteral tube feeding and reports cramping and abdominal distention. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Check for gastric residual.
- B. Apply low intermittent suction.
- C. Increase the rate of the feeding.
- D. Request a higher-fat formula.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Checking for gastric residual can help identify the cause of cramping and abdominal distention during enteral feedings.
4. A healthcare professional is obtaining a medication history from a client who is to receive Imipenem-cilastatin IV to treat an infection. Which of the following medications the client also receives puts them at risk for a medication interaction?
- A. Regular insulin
- B. Furosemide
- C. Valproic acid
- D. Ferrous sulfate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Valproic acid. Imipenem-cilastatin decreases the blood levels of valproic acid, an antiseizure medication, which can lead to increased seizure activity. Monitoring and adjusting the dosage of valproic acid may be necessary when co-administered with Imipenem-cilastatin to prevent adverse effects. Choices A, B, and D do not typically interact significantly with Imipenem-cilastatin and are not associated with a high risk of adverse interactions in this scenario.
5. Your goal is to minimize David’s risk of complications after a heriorrhaphy. You instruct the patient to:
- A. Avoid the use of pain medication.
- B. Cough and deep breathe Q2H.
- C. Splint the incision if he can’t avoid sneezing or coughing.
- D. Apply heat to scrotal swelling.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Instruct the patient to splint the incision if he can't avoid sneezing or coughing to minimize the risk of complications after heriorrhaphy.
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