ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A client who is taking phenytoin is being taught about contraceptive options. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. You should use a backup method of birth control while taking phenytoin.
- B. Phenytoin can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
- C. You should stop taking phenytoin while using oral contraceptives.
- D. Phenytoin can increase the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Phenytoin can decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so it is important to inform the client about this interaction. Using an additional form of contraception, such as a backup method, is recommended to ensure adequate protection against pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect because it lacks specificity about the decrease in effectiveness of oral contraceptives caused by phenytoin. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests stopping phenytoin use while using oral contraceptives, which is not the appropriate action. Choice D is incorrect as phenytoin is known to decrease, not increase, the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
2. A nurse is teaching a prenatal class about infection prevention. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I can visit someone with chickenpox 5 days after the sores crust.
- B. I should avoid cleaning my cat's litter box during pregnancy.
- C. I should wash my hands with hot water for 10 seconds after gardening.
- D. I can take antibiotics for viral infections.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because avoiding cleaning the cat's litter box during pregnancy reduces the risk of toxoplasmosis, which can be harmful to the developing fetus. Choice A is incorrect because visiting someone with chickenpox should be avoided as it is highly contagious. Choice C is incorrect as handwashing after gardening should involve soap and water, not just hot water, for effective infection prevention. Choice D is incorrect because antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections.
3. A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving hemodialysis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Withhold all medications until after dialysis.
- B. Rehydrate with dextrose 5% in water for orthostatic hypotension.
- C. Check the vascular access site for bleeding after dialysis.
- D. Give an antibiotic 30 minutes before dialysis.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action the nurse should include in the plan of care for a client receiving hemodialysis is to check the vascular access site for bleeding after dialysis. This is crucial to detect any bleeding complications and ensure prompt intervention if necessary. Withholding all medications until after dialysis (Choice A) is not appropriate as some medications may need to be administered during dialysis. Rehydrating with dextrose 5% in water for orthostatic hypotension (Choice B) is not directly related to the immediate post-dialysis care. Giving an antibiotic 30 minutes before dialysis (Choice D) is not recommended as timing of medication administration should be based on the specific antibiotic and its pharmacokinetics.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has a wound infection and is receiving gentamicin. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to detect an adverse effect of this medication?
- A. Creatinine.
- B. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST).
- C. White blood cell count.
- D. Serum glucose.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Creatinine. Gentamicin can cause nephrotoxicity, leading to impaired kidney function. Monitoring creatinine levels helps the nurse detect any potential kidney damage. Choice B, Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), is not typically affected by gentamicin. Choice C, White blood cell count, is not directly related to gentamicin adverse effects. Choice D, Serum glucose, is not specifically monitored for gentamicin adverse effects.
5. A client at 14 weeks gestation reports feelings of ambivalence about being pregnant. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Describe your feelings to me about being pregnant.
- B. You should discuss your feelings with your provider.
- C. Have you discussed these feelings with your partner?
- D. When did you start having these feelings?
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is to use open-ended questions that allow the client to explore and express their feelings. Choice A encourages the client to describe their feelings, fostering open communication and providing an opportunity for the client to express themselves freely. Choices B and C do not directly address the client's feelings and may not promote open communication. Choice D focuses on the timing of the feelings rather than exploring the feelings themselves, making it a less therapeutic response.
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