ATI RN
Adult Medical Surgical ATI
1. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer albuterol syrup 1.6 mg PO tid. Available is albuterol 2 mg/5mL. How many mL should the healthcare professional administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 4 mL
- B. 6 mL
- C. 10 mL
- D. 5.5 mL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the mL of albuterol syrup needed per dose, first, determine how many milligrams are in the prescribed dose: 1.6 mg. Next, set up a proportion to find the equivalent mL for 1.6 mg using the given concentration of 2 mg/5mL. The calculation is: (1.6 mg x 5 mL) / 2 mg = 4 mL. Therefore, the correct answer is 4 mL to administer per dose.
2. A healthcare provider is preparing to admit a client to the PACU who received a competitive neuromuscular blocking agent. Which of the following items should the provider place at the client's bedside?
- A. Bag valve mask device
- B. Defibrillator machine
- C. Chest tube equipment
- D. Central venous catheter tray
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a client receives a competitive neuromuscular blocking agent, it can lead to respiratory muscle paralysis. Placing a bag valve mask device at the client's bedside is crucial for providing immediate respiratory support in case of respiratory depression or failure. This device allows manual ventilation by squeezing the bag to deliver breaths to the client. The other options, such as a defibrillator machine, chest tube equipment, and central venous catheter tray, are not directly related to managing respiratory complications associated with neuromuscular blockade.
3. A client in a clinic presents with an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following medications should reduce the symptoms?
- A. Cromolyn via a metered-dose inhaler
- B. Montelukast orally
- C. Budesonide via a dry-powder inhaler
- D. Albuterol via a jet nebulizer
Correct answer: D
Rationale: During an acute asthma exacerbation, the preferred medication for symptom relief is a short-acting beta-agonist like albuterol, typically delivered via a jet nebulizer for quick onset and efficacy. Cromolyn, montelukast, and budesonide are not as effective for immediate symptom relief in acute exacerbations and are more commonly used for prevention or long-term management of asthma symptoms.
4. When teaching a group of clients about emergency care for a snake bite, which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Raise the affected extremity above the level of the heart.
- B. Immobilize the affected extremity with a splint
- C. Apply ice to the bite area
- D. Apply a tourniquet to the affected extremity.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In cases of snake bites, it is essential to immobilize the affected extremity with a splint to prevent the spread of venom throughout the body. Raising the extremity above the heart level can promote venom spread, and applying ice or a tourniquet can worsen the condition. Immobilization helps reduce movement and slows the circulation of venom, aiding in the prevention of further complications.
5. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is receiving dietary teaching from a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Eat 3 balanced meals each day.
- B. Limit fluid intake with meals.
- C. Reduce sodium intake.
- D. Take a bronchodilator 1 hour before eating.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, limiting fluid intake with meals can help reduce the risk of bloating and feeling too full, which can make breathing more difficult due to increased pressure on the diaphragm. It is important to encourage a balanced diet with appropriate fluid intake between meals to maintain hydration and proper nutrition. Options A, C, and D are not specifically related to dietary recommendations for clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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