ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A child is being cared for by a nurse and has rheumatic fever. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Administer aspirin to the child as prescribed based on the healthcare provider's instructions.
- B. Encourage adequate fluid intake for the child.
- C. Elevate the child's joints and provide warm compresses.
- D. Monitor the child's heart rate for dysrhythmias.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Rheumatic fever can lead to cardiac complications, such as dysrhythmias. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to monitor the child's heart rate closely for any signs of dysrhythmias. This will help in early identification and prompt management of potential cardiac issues associated with rheumatic fever. Choices A, B, and C are not the priority actions in this scenario. While aspirin may be used in the treatment of rheumatic fever, monitoring for cardiac complications takes precedence. Encouraging fluid intake and providing warm compresses are helpful interventions but do not directly address the cardiac risks associated with rheumatic fever.
2. Which parental statement indicates correct understanding of preventive techniques for heat-related illnesses when children exercise?
- A. Wearing dark clothing during exercise is not recommended.
- B. Water is the preferred fluid for fluid replenishment.
- C. During activity, stopping for fluids every 15 to 20 minutes is essential.
- D. Hydration should be maintained throughout the exercise session.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct preventive technique for heat-related illnesses during exercise is to stop for fluids every 15 to 20 minutes to prevent dehydration and maintain hydration levels. This practice helps regulate body temperature and prevent heat-related complications. Choice A is incorrect as wearing light-colored, loose-fitting clothing is recommended to reflect sunlight and allow better air circulation. Choice B is incorrect as while water is important, a sports drink containing electrolytes may be more beneficial for longer exercise sessions. Choice D is incorrect as it does not emphasize the importance of regular fluid intake during exercise to prevent dehydration.
3. A child with a history of seizures arrives in the emergency department (ED) in status epilepticus. Which is the priority nursing action?
- A. Take vital signs.
- B. Establish an intravenous line.
- C. Perform rapid neurologic assessment.
- D. Maintain a patent airway.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When a child with a history of seizures presents in status epilepticus, the priority nursing action is to maintain a patent airway. This is crucial to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation. While taking vital signs, establishing an intravenous line, and performing rapid neurologic assessment are important, maintaining a patent airway takes precedence. Hypoxia can lead to serious complications, making airway management the top priority to ensure the child's safety and prevent further deterioration.
4. In caring for an adolescent with severe abdominal pain due to appendicitis, where should the nurse identify as McBurney's point?
- A. Right lower quadrant
- B. Left lower quadrant
- C. Right upper quadrant
- D. Left upper quadrant
Correct answer: A
Rationale: McBurney's point is located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, specifically between the umbilicus and the anterior iliac crest. This point is significant in diagnosing appendicitis, as tenderness at McBurney's point is a classic sign of appendicitis and indicates inflammation near the appendix. Therefore, the correct answer is the 'Right lower quadrant.' Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because McBurney's point is not located in the left lower quadrant, right upper quadrant, or left upper quadrant of the abdomen.
5. A neonate with a meningomyelocele is scheduled for surgery in the morning. Which nursing action is appropriate for this neonate?
- A. Applying a diaper to prevent contamination of the sac
- B. Positioning the newborn in a side-lying position
- C. Encouraging the mother to hold the newborn because she will not be able to pick him up after surgery
- D. Positioning the newborn in a prone position
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Positioning the newborn in a prone position is appropriate for a neonate with a meningomyelocele before surgery. Placing the newborn in this position helps prevent pressure on the sac, reducing the risk of damaging it and promoting optimal surgical outcomes. Applying a diaper (choice A) may not be recommended as it can increase pressure on the sac. Positioning the newborn in a side-lying position (choice B) or encouraging the mother to hold the newborn (choice C) are not ideal actions before surgery as they do not address the specific needs of a neonate with a meningomyelocele.
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