ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. Which statement most reflects the observation that the infant sleeps soundly, awakens on his own, and maintains a quiet alert state?
- A. This is atypical behavior and should be addressed
- B. The infant should remain on high alert when awake
- C. This shows the infant is making neurological gains
- D. The family is disrupting the child's sleep patterns
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A quiet alert state in infants indicates positive neurological development. It showcases the infant's ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles and maintain an optimal state for learning and interaction. Therefore, observing an infant who sleeps soundly, awakens on his own, and stays in a quiet alert state is a reassuring sign of neurological gains and healthy development. Choice A is incorrect as it misinterprets normal behavior as atypical. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests the infant should be on high alert, which is not developmentally appropriate. Choice D is incorrect as it falsely blames the family for disrupting the child's sleep patterns, whereas the scenario described indicates positive neurological growth.
2. Which urinalysis result should the nurse anticipate for a child admitted with acute glomerulonephritis?
- A. Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity
- B. Hematuria and proteinuria
- C. Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity
- D. Bacteriuria and hematuria
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In acute glomerulonephritis, the glomeruli become inflamed, leading to the leakage of red blood cells (hematuria) and proteins (proteinuria) into the urine. These are hallmark findings in this condition due to the damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. Bacteriuria, the presence of bacteria in the urine, is not typically associated with acute glomerulonephritis unless there is a concurrent urinary tract infection. Specific gravity may be normal or decreased due to the loss of proteins in the urine, rather than increased. Therefore, the correct anticipated urinalysis result for a child with acute glomerulonephritis is hematuria and proteinuria.
3. A nurse is teaching a group of parents about preventing childhood obesity. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Serve your child 1 to 2 cups of fruit juice daily
- B. Feed your child whole milk until 2 years of age
- C. Eat at least one fruit or vegetable with each meal
- D. Limit your child's TV watching to 1 to 2 hr per day
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should instruct parents to limit their child�s TV watching to 1 to 2 hours per day to prevent childhood obesity.
4. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a school-age child who has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. You should give your child his salmeterol inhaler every 4 hours when he is having an acute episode of wheezing.
- B. You should monitor your child's weight weekly while he is receiving inhaled corticosteroid therapy.
- C. Pulmonary function tests will be performed every 12 to 24 months to evaluate how your child is responding to therapy.
- D. When using the peak expiratory flow meter, record your child's average of three readings.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inform the parent that the child will need pulmonary function tests every 12 to 24 months to assess lung function and response to treatment. These tests help evaluate the presence of lung disease, monitor disease progression, and assess the effectiveness of the current therapeutic regimen in managing asthma. Choice A is incorrect as salmeterol is not used for acute wheezing episodes but rather for long-term maintenance. Choice B is incorrect because weight monitoring is not directly related to inhaled corticosteroid therapy for asthma. Choice D is incorrect as peak expiratory flow meter readings should be recorded as instructed, not averaged.
5. A child with a history of seizures arrives in the emergency department (ED) in status epilepticus. Which is the priority nursing action?
- A. Take vital signs.
- B. Establish an intravenous line.
- C. Perform rapid neurologic assessment.
- D. Maintain a patent airway.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When a child with a history of seizures presents in status epilepticus, the priority nursing action is to maintain a patent airway. This is crucial to ensure proper oxygenation and ventilation. While taking vital signs, establishing an intravenous line, and performing rapid neurologic assessment are important, maintaining a patent airway takes precedence. Hypoxia can lead to serious complications, making airway management the top priority to ensure the child's safety and prevent further deterioration.
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