ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A teacher states to the school nurse, 'I have a student who will often just stare at me for 15 seconds after asking a question; then the student blinks and asks me to repeat the question. Should I be concerned?' Which should the nurse include in the response to the teacher?
- A. The child has a crush on the teacher.
- B. The child has increased intracranial pressure.
- C. The child may have had a head injury.
- D. The child is experiencing absence seizures.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Staring spells that end abruptly and are followed by normal activity are indicative of absence seizures. In absence seizures, a child may exhibit staring spells, brief loss of awareness, and lack of responsiveness, which can last for a few seconds. Choice A is incorrect because the behavior described is not associated with having a crush. Choice B is incorrect as increased intracranial pressure usually presents with other symptoms. Choice C is less likely as a head injury would typically manifest with additional signs beyond just staring and blinking.
2. Which urinalysis result should the nurse anticipate for a child admitted with acute glomerulonephritis?
- A. Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity
- B. Hematuria and proteinuria
- C. Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity
- D. Bacteriuria and hematuria
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In acute glomerulonephritis, the glomeruli become inflamed, leading to the leakage of red blood cells (hematuria) and proteins (proteinuria) into the urine. These are hallmark findings in this condition due to the damage to the glomerular filtration barrier. Bacteriuria, the presence of bacteria in the urine, is not typically associated with acute glomerulonephritis unless there is a concurrent urinary tract infection. Specific gravity may be normal or decreased due to the loss of proteins in the urine, rather than increased. Therefore, the correct anticipated urinalysis result for a child with acute glomerulonephritis is hematuria and proteinuria.
3. What is functional behavior analysis?
- A. Systematic observation of behavior
- B. Standardized assessment
- C. Multiple choice examination
- D. Parent-teacher questionnaire
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Functional behavior analysis involves systematically observing behavior to understand its function and context. It focuses on identifying the antecedents and consequences that maintain or influence behavior. This systematic observation helps in determining patterns, triggers, and maintaining factors of behavior. Standardized assessments (choice B) involve using specific tools or tests to measure a person's performance or behavior but do not focus on observation. Multiple choice examinations (choice C) and parent-teacher questionnaires (choice D) are not synonymous with functional behavior analysis as they do not involve direct observation of behavior for analysis.
4. A child with suspected bacterial meningitis is under the care of a nurse. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Administer antibiotics as prescribed.
- B. Maintain the child on NPO status.
- C. Monitor the child's intake and output.
- D. Implement seizure precautions.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The priority action for a child with suspected bacterial meningitis is to implement seizure precautions. Meningitis can lead to increased intracranial pressure, which may trigger seizures. By implementing seizure precautions, such as padding the side rails of the bed and ensuring a clear environment, the nurse aims to prevent injury during a potential seizure episode, prioritizing the child's safety. Administering antibiotics as prescribed is essential in treating bacterial meningitis, but seizure precautions take precedence due to the immediate risk of injury. Maintaining NPO status and monitoring intake and output are important aspects of care but are not the priority when considering the risk of seizures.
5. The patient taking spironolactone (Aldactone) makes a statement indicating effective teaching. Which statement shows understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will use salt substitutes to lower my sodium intake
- B. I will increase my intake of foods that are high in potassium
- C. I will call my doctor if I begin having menstrual irregularities
- D. I will take this medication at bedtime each evening
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can cause endocrine effects like menstrual irregularities. Therefore, the patient recognizing the need to report such changes indicates effective teaching. Choices A and B are incorrect as salt substitutes and high-potassium foods should be avoided with spironolactone. Choice D is also incorrect because diuretics, including spironolactone, are ideally taken in the morning to prevent disturbances in sleep due to nocturia.
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