ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023 Quizlet
1. A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who has thrombocytopenia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Administer aspirin as needed for fever.
- B. Avoid venipunctures whenever possible.
- C. Encourage the child to participate in contact sports.
- D. Administer ibuprofen for pain.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Avoid venipunctures whenever possible.' Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by a low platelet count, which can lead to an increased risk of bleeding. Venipunctures can cause bleeding in these patients; therefore, they should be avoided whenever possible. Choice A is incorrect because aspirin should be avoided in patients with thrombocytopenia as it can further increase the risk of bleeding due to its antiplatelet effects. Choice C is incorrect because participating in contact sports can also increase the risk of injury and bleeding in a child with thrombocytopenia. Choice D is incorrect as ibuprofen, like aspirin, can also increase the risk of bleeding and should be avoided in these patients.
2. During a home care visit for an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux, which parental action observed requires intervention by the nurse?
- A. The infant's formula is mixed with rice cereal.
- B. The mother positions the infant in a high Fowler position while feeding.
- C. After feeding, the infant is placed in a car seat.
- D. The mother administers ranitidine (Zantac) to the infant using a syringe.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Placing an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux in a car seat after feeding can increase the risk of reflux and aspiration. The semi-upright or high Fowler position is recommended to help reduce reflux symptoms during feeding. Adding rice cereal to formula can help thicken it and reduce reflux episodes. Administering ranitidine using a syringe is a common method of oral medication administration. Therefore, the action of placing the infant in a car seat after feeding is the one that requires intervention due to the increased risk it poses.
3. A nurse is teaching a group of parents about preventing childhood obesity. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Serve your child 1 to 2 cups of fruit juice daily
- B. Feed your child whole milk until 2 years of age
- C. Eat at least one fruit or vegetable with each meal
- D. Limit your child's TV watching to 1 to 2 hr per day
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should instruct parents to limit their child�s TV watching to 1 to 2 hours per day to prevent childhood obesity.
4. In caring for an adolescent with severe abdominal pain due to appendicitis, where should the nurse identify as McBurney's point?
- A. Right lower quadrant
- B. Left lower quadrant
- C. Right upper quadrant
- D. Left upper quadrant
Correct answer: A
Rationale: McBurney's point is located in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, specifically between the umbilicus and the anterior iliac crest. This point is significant in diagnosing appendicitis, as tenderness at McBurney's point is a classic sign of appendicitis and indicates inflammation near the appendix. Therefore, the correct answer is the 'Right lower quadrant.' Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because McBurney's point is not located in the left lower quadrant, right upper quadrant, or left upper quadrant of the abdomen.
5. Which statement most reflects the observation that the infant sleeps soundly, awakens on his own, and maintains a quiet alert state?
- A. This is atypical behavior and should be addressed
- B. The infant should remain on high alert when awake
- C. This shows the infant is making neurological gains
- D. The family is disrupting the child's sleep patterns
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A quiet alert state in infants indicates positive neurological development. It showcases the infant's ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles and maintain an optimal state for learning and interaction. Therefore, observing an infant who sleeps soundly, awakens on his own, and stays in a quiet alert state is a reassuring sign of neurological gains and healthy development. Choice A is incorrect as it misinterprets normal behavior as atypical. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests the infant should be on high alert, which is not developmentally appropriate. Choice D is incorrect as it falsely blames the family for disrupting the child's sleep patterns, whereas the scenario described indicates positive neurological growth.
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