ATI RN
ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023
1. The nurse is providing care for a pediatric client in the emergency department (ED) with a diagnosis of decreased level of consciousness (LOC) secondary to increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Which healthcare provider order should the nurse question?
- A. Passive range-of-motion exercises to promote hip flexion
- B. Oxygen at 2 L nasal cannula to maintain saturation above 95%
- C. Hourly vital signs and neurologic checks
- D. Elevate head of bed 30 degrees
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In a pediatric client with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and decreased level of consciousness (LOC), passive range-of-motion exercises to promote hip flexion should be questioned as they can potentially increase intracranial pressure. This action may not be safe for the client's condition. The other options are appropriate interventions for managing a pediatric client with increased ICP and decreased LOC.
2. A 4-year-old child is admitted to the hospital secondary to dehydration. Laboratory tests indicate a high hemoglobin and hematocrit, and the serum sodium is below normal levels. Which condition does the nurse suspect based on the current data?
- A. Hypernatremia
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Hypotonic dehydration
- D. Isotonic dehydration
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is hypotonic dehydration. The combination of high hemoglobin and hematocrit with low serum sodium indicates hypotonic dehydration. In this condition, there is an excess of solutes relative to water, leading to higher red blood cell concentration (elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit) and low serum sodium levels.
3. Which strategy is most effective in preventing existing challenging behaviors?
- A. Ignoring the behaviors
- B. Individualized interventions
- C. Providing flexible rules
- D. Punishment
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Individualized interventions are tailored to address the specific needs and triggers of the individual's challenging behaviors. By customizing the approach to each person, it increases the likelihood of effectively preventing and managing the existing challenging behaviors.
4. A nurse is teaching a parent of a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will notify my child's school about his condition.
- B. I will encourage my child to eat a carbohydrate snack if his blood glucose is low.
- C. I will rotate injection sites each time I give my child insulin.
- D. I will ensure my child receives the flu vaccine every year.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the parent to rotate injection sites to prevent tissue damage and improve insulin absorption.
5. A school-age child is 2 hours postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Place a heating pad at the surgical site.
- B. Encourage the child to cough every 2 hours.
- C. Administer analgesics to the child on a regular schedule.
- D. Apply an ice collar to the child's neck.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: After a tonsillectomy, applying an ice collar to the child's neck helps decrease pain and swelling. Heat should be avoided as it can increase bleeding. Encouraging coughing may increase the risk of bleeding. Administering analgesics on a regular schedule is essential for pain management, but the immediate postoperative period may require additional interventions like ice collar application.
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