ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024
1. A client has a new prescription for Clonidine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Expect to feel drowsy.
- B. Increase your intake of high-potassium foods.
- C. Take the medication with grapefruit juice.
- D. Avoid foods high in fat.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to expect to feel drowsy. Clonidine is known to cause drowsiness, especially at the beginning of treatment. It is important for clients to be cautious with activities that require alertness until they understand how the medication affects them. Choice B is incorrect as there is no specific need to increase high-potassium foods with Clonidine. Choice C is incorrect as grapefruit juice can interact with many medications but is not a typical instruction for Clonidine. Choice D is incorrect as there is no specific indication to avoid foods high in fat with Clonidine.
2. What is the pharmacological action of metformin?
- A. Blocks stimulation of beta1 and beta2.
- B. Blocks vasoconstriction and aldosterone.
- C. Acts at many levels in the CNS to produce an anxiolytic effect.
- D. Decreases hepatic glucose production.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreases hepatic glucose production. Metformin's primary pharmacological action is to decrease hepatic glucose production, leading to lower blood sugar levels and improved insulin sensitivity in the liver. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because metformin does not block stimulation of beta1 and beta2 receptors, vasoconstriction, aldosterone, or act in the CNS to produce an anxiolytic effect. Therefore, these options are not reflective of metformin's mechanism of action.
3. When educating a client with a new prescription for Atorvastatin to treat Hyperlipidemia, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication in the morning.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- C. Increase your intake of green, leafy vegetables.
- D. Expect your stools to turn clay-colored.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include when educating a client with a new prescription for Atorvastatin to treat Hyperlipidemia is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can increase the blood levels of atorvastatin, leading to an elevated risk of serious side effects such as liver damage and muscle problems. It is essential for the client to be aware of this potential interaction and to follow the nurse's advice to avoid grapefruit juice while taking Atorvastatin. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Taking Atorvastatin in the morning is a common recommendation but not the priority over avoiding grapefruit juice. Increasing intake of green, leafy vegetables is generally a healthy dietary choice but is not specific to the medication. Expecting stools to turn clay-colored is not a common side effect of Atorvastatin.
4. A client is receiving chemotherapy and has a prescription for ondansetron IV for nausea and vomiting. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Tremors
- D. Urinary retention
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tremors. Ondansetron can cause tremors as an adverse effect. Monitoring for tremors is essential as it can indicate a potential adverse reaction to the medication. Hypotension (choice A) and bradycardia (choice B) are not commonly associated with ondansetron. Urinary retention (choice D) is also not a typical adverse effect of ondansetron, making choices A, B, and D incorrect in this scenario.
5. A client has a prescription for digoxin. The client should be monitored for which of the following findings as an indication of digoxin toxicity?
- A. Visual disturbances
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Constipation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Visual disturbances, such as yellow-tinged vision or seeing halos around lights, are common signs of digoxin toxicity. These symptoms should be reported immediately to healthcare providers for further evaluation and management. Tachycardia (Choice B) is not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. Increased appetite (Choice C) and constipation (Choice D) are not common manifestations of digoxin toxicity. Therefore, the correct answer is visual disturbances.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99