ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024
1. A client is prescribed Amitriptyline for depression. What should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Expect therapeutic effects in 1-3 weeks.
- B. Discontinue the medication gradually under healthcare provider supervision.
- C. Change positions slowly to minimize dizziness.
- D. Increase dietary fiber intake to prevent constipation.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Changing positions slowly can help prevent orthostatic hypotension, a common adverse effect of tricyclic antidepressants like Amitriptyline. It is essential to educate the client to avoid sudden position changes to minimize the risk of dizziness and falls. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The therapeutic effects of Amitriptyline may not be noticeable for 1-3 weeks, so expecting them in 24 to 48 hours (choice A) is unrealistic. Discontinuing the medication abruptly can lead to withdrawal symptoms and should be done gradually under healthcare provider supervision, so choice B is incorrect. Amitriptyline can actually cause constipation, so increasing dietary fiber intake would be recommended to prevent constipation, making choice D incorrect.
2. A client has a new prescription for Warfarin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. You will need to have your blood tested regularly while taking this medication.
- B. It is safe to take over-the-counter NSAIDs with this medication.
- C. You will need to avoid foods high in vitamin K while taking this medication.
- D. You will need to take this medication with food.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Warfarin interacts with vitamin K, so clients should be instructed to avoid foods high in vitamin K. This is because vitamin K can interfere with the anticoagulant effects of Warfarin. It is important to maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-containing foods to keep the medication working effectively. Therefore, the correct statement for the nurse to include in the teaching is to advise the client to avoid foods high in vitamin K while taking Warfarin. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Regular blood testing is necessary with Warfarin to monitor its effects and adjust the dosage if needed (Choice A). Taking over-the-counter NSAIDs with Warfarin is not safe due to an increased risk of bleeding (Choice B). Warfarin can be taken with or without food, so there is no specific requirement to take it with food (Choice D).
3. A client has been on levothyroxine therapy for several months. Which of the following findings indicates a therapeutic response to the medication?
- A. Decrease in level of thyroxine (T4)
- B. Increase in weight
- C. Increase in hours of sleep per night
- D. Decrease in level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A therapeutic response to levothyroxine is indicated by a decrease in the level of TSH. This decrease signifies that the body requires less stimulation to produce thyroid hormone, reflecting a normalization of thyroid function due to the medication's effectiveness. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as an increase in T4 levels, weight gain, and increased sleep hours are not indicative of a therapeutic response to levothyroxine therapy.
4. A client has a new prescription for Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) injections. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will need to take this medication for the rest of my life.
- B. I will stop taking the medication when my symptoms improve.
- C. I should take this medication with food.
- D. I will need to avoid green, leafy vegetables while taking this medication.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Clients with pernicious anemia or other causes of vitamin B12 deficiency may need to take cyanocobalamin for life to prevent deficiency. It is a lifelong treatment in many cases to maintain adequate B12 levels. Choice B is incorrect because stopping the medication when symptoms improve may lead to a relapse of the deficiency. Choice C is incorrect as cyanocobalamin injections are usually administered on an empty stomach. Choice D is incorrect as there is no need to avoid green, leafy vegetables while taking cyanocobalamin; in fact, these vegetables are good dietary sources of vitamin B12.
5. How is lithium typically administered?
- A. Intravenously
- B. Intramuscularly
- C. Orally
- D. Sublingually
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Lithium is typically administered orally to ensure proper absorption and distribution in the body. By taking lithium orally, it allows the medication to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and distributed effectively. Intravenous and intramuscular routes are not commonly used for lithium administration as they can lead to rapid, unpredictable absorption and increase the risk of toxicity. Sublingual administration is also not the typical route for lithium, as it is usually taken orally for consistent and controlled absorption.
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