ATI RN
Psychology 2301 Exam 1
1. A major factor associated with a child's rejection by peers is ________.
- A. Overly aggressive behavior.
- B. Being too intelligent.
- C. Socioeconomic background.
- D. A lack of empathy.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Overly aggressive behavior is often a major factor in a child's rejection by peers. Children who display overly aggressive behavior may intimidate or harm their peers, leading to social rejection. Being too intelligent or having a different socioeconomic background are not typically primary reasons for peer rejection. While empathy is important for healthy social interactions, a lack of empathy, on its own, is less likely to be a primary factor in peer rejection compared to overly aggressive behavior.
2. What role does brain development play in psychopathology?
- A. Brain development has no impact on psychopathology.
- B. Brain development plays a crucial role in the onset of many mental disorders.
- C. Brain development is only linked to physical disabilities, not mental disorders.
- D. Brain development is not associated with mental health.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Brain development plays a crucial role in the onset of many mental disorders. It affects how the brain processes information and responds to stress, influencing the development of psychopathology. Choice A is incorrect as brain development does impact psychopathology. Choice C is incorrect as brain development is linked to mental disorders as well. Choice D is incorrect as brain development has implications for mental health.
3. Normal human cells have ________
- A. twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes.
- B. twenty-one trisomy chromosome pairs, one autosomal pair, and one pair of sex chromosomes.
- C. twenty-one chromosome pairs and two trisomy chromosome pairs.
- D. twenty-three chromosome pairs.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Normal human cells have twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes. This is the correct answer as it accurately describes the typical chromosome count in human cells. Choice B is incorrect because it mentions 'twenty-one trisomy chromosome pairs,' which is not characteristic of normal cells. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests having 'two trisomy chromosome pairs,' which is abnormal. Choice D is incorrect as it states 'twenty-three chromosome pairs,' which is not the standard count in normal human cells.
4. The understanding of genetic influences on behavior may never be fully achieved due to ________.
- A. the ease of researching to differentiate between the effects of the environment and genes.
- B. the likelihood that most behaviors are determined by the interaction of many genes and the environment.
- C. the reliance on twin studies in genetic research.
- D. our significant understanding of how genes impact brain chemistry.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because most behaviors are influenced by the interaction of multiple genes and the environment. Choice A is incorrect because it suggests that researching the effects of the environment and genes is easy, which is not the case. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on a specific method (twin studies) rather than the broader concept of gene-environment interaction. Choice D is incorrect as the statement implies a high level of understanding that contradicts the idea that genetic influences on behavior may never be fully understood.
5. How does abuse and maltreatment tend to affect a child's ability to relate to others?
- A. It leads to the development of strong, healthy relationships.
- B. It results in difficulty forming healthy relationships later in life.
- C. It has little to no impact on a child's social development.
- D. It promotes independence in forming new relationships.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Abuse and maltreatment tend to result in difficulties in forming healthy relationships and may lead to a disorganized and disoriented attachment style. Choice A is incorrect because abuse and maltreatment usually hinder the development of strong and healthy relationships. Choice C is incorrect as abuse and maltreatment significantly impact a child's social development. Choice D is incorrect because abuse and maltreatment do not promote independence in forming new relationships but rather create barriers to forming healthy connections.
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