ATI RN
RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 ATI
1. A preschool-age child is admitted to the hospital with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN). Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this child?
- A. Risk for Injury related to hypertension.
- B. Altered Growth and Development related to chronic disease.
- C. Risk for Infection related to hypertension.
- D. Fluid Volume Excess related to decreased plasma filtration.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis for a preschool-age child with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APIGN) is 'Risk for Injury related to hypertension' due to the potential complications such as hypertensive encephalopathy. Hypertension poses an immediate threat to the child's well-being, making it crucial to address the risk for injury associated with elevated blood pressure as the top priority.
2. Which standardized test would be most appropriate for assessing the motor development of a 2-month-old infant in a high-risk clinic?
- A. Peabody Developmental Motor Scale (PDMS-2)
- B. Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2)
- C. Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Index (PEDI)
- D. School Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (School-AMPS)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Peabody Developmental Motor Scale (PDMS-2) is specifically designed to assess the motor development of infants and young children, making it the most appropriate choice for evaluating a 2-month-old infant in a high-risk clinic setting.
3. A healthcare provider is assessing the pain level of a three-year-old toddler. Which of the following pain assessment scales should the healthcare provider use?
- A. FACES Pain rating scale
- B. Numeric pain rating scale
- C. CRIES pain assessment scale
- D. Non-communicating children's pain checklist
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The healthcare provider should use the FACES pain rating scale for pediatric clients who are 3 years old and older. This scale allows the toddler to point to the face that depicts the current level of pain, making it a suitable choice for non-verbal or young children who may have difficulty expressing their pain verbally.
4. The caregiver is teaching a parent of a young child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder. The child is prescribed valproic acid (Depakote) for control of seizures. Which parental statement indicates the need for further education?
- A. I will not use carbonated beverages to dilute his medication.
- B. I will give his medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset.
- C. I will not let him chew his tablet.
- D. I will bring him to the physician's office for regular blood work to check his blood levels.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Valproic acid should be administered with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal upset. Giving it on an empty stomach may increase the likelihood of adverse effects. The other statements are correct: A - Carbonated beverages should not be used to dilute the medication, C - The tablet should not be chewed, and D - Regular blood work is necessary to monitor valproic acid levels and potential side effects.
5. When teaching a parent of a child with contact dermatitis, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Apply a thick layer of antibiotic ointment to the affected area.
- B. Rub the skin vigorously with a towel to dry it.
- C. Keep the child's skin dry.
- D. Apply a thin layer of corticosteroid cream to the affected area.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a child with contact dermatitis is to apply a thin layer of corticosteroid cream to the affected area. Corticosteroid cream helps reduce inflammation and itching associated with contact dermatitis. It is important to avoid using antibiotic ointment or rubbing the skin vigorously, as these can worsen the condition. Keeping the child's skin dry is generally a good practice, but in the case of contact dermatitis, corticosteroid cream application is more beneficial.
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