ATI RN
RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 ATI
1. The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient prescribed verapamil SR 120mg PO daily for HTN. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the medication?
- A. �I will take the medication with grapefruit juice each morning.�
- B. �I should expect occasional loose stools from this medication�
- C. �I�ll need to reduce the amount of fiber in my diet�
- D. �I must swallow the pill whole.�
Correct answer: D
Rationale: �SR� indicates that the drug is sustained release; therefore, the patient must swallow the pill intact, without chewing or crushing, which would result in a bolus effect. Grapefruit juice should be avoided, because it can inhibit intestinal and hepatic metabolism of the drug, thereby raising the drug level. Constipation, not loose stools, is a common side effect. Increasing fluids and dietary fiber can help prevent this adverse effect.
2. A healthcare professional is performing hearing screenings for children at a community health fair. Which of the following children should the professional refer to a provider for a more extensive hearing evaluation?
- A. A toddler who is 18 months old and has unintelligible speech
- B. An infant who is 3 months old and has an exaggerated startle response
- C. A preschooler who is 4 years old and prefers playing with others rather than alone
- D. An infant who is 8 months old and is not yet making babbling sounds
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The healthcare professional should refer an infant who is not making babbling sounds by the age of 7 months to a provider for a more extensive evaluation of hearing. Babbling sounds are a developmental milestone that typically occurs by 7 months of age. Delayed or absent babbling can indicate potential hearing issues that warrant further assessment.
3. What will the nurse caution the parents of a child who has had a nephrectomy that he will have to avoid?
- A. Contact sports
- B. Horseback riding
- C. Alcohol
- D. Diuretic medications
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Children who have only one kidney should avoid contact sports to prevent injury to that remaining organ.
4. When providing teaching to the family of a school-age child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Limit the child's movement of the large joints.
- B. Encourage the child to perform independent self-care.
- C. Provide the child with a soft mattress for sleeping.
- D. Schedule a 2-hour daily nap for the child in the afternoon.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the child to perform independent self-care is essential when managing juvenile idiopathic arthritis. This instruction helps minimize pain and stiffness in the child's joints while promoting mobility and independence. It is crucial for the child to learn self-management skills early to cope better with the condition in the long term.
5. A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a school-age child who is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse?
- A. Elevate the head of the child's bed
- B. Insert a large-bore IV catheter for the child
- C. Determine the allergen that caused the child's reaction
- D. Administer IM epinephrine to the child
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In the management of anaphylaxis, the priority action for the nurse is to administer IM epinephrine to the child. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps reverse the severe manifestations of the reaction by constricting blood vessels, relaxing airway muscles, and decreasing hives and swelling. Elevating the head of the child's bed may be beneficial for respiratory distress but is not the priority over administering epinephrine. Inserting a large-bore IV catheter may be necessary for fluid resuscitation but is not the initial priority. Identifying the allergen is important for prevention and future management but is not the immediate action needed in the acute phase of an anaphylactic reaction.
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