ATI RN

1. When administering the drug senna to a patient, a health care provider must inform the patient of which of the following:

• A. This drug is intended to lower blood pressure and is best used in combination with other antihypertensives
• B. This drug is not intended for long term use
• C. The patient must limit his/her fiber intake
• D. Advise patient to change positions slowly to limit the risk of orthostatic hypotension

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Senna is a laxative intended for short-term use, not for long-term management.

2. What should you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate?

• A. Suicidal thoughts
• B. Monitor for seizures
• C. Bipolar disorder
• D. Migraines

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When a patient is prescribed Valproate, it is important to assess for suicidal thoughts as it is a serious side effect associated with this medication. Monitoring for signs of depression or changes in behavior is crucial to ensure patient safety and well-being.

3. A patient has been taking hydrocodone, an opioid analgesic for their moderate pain, and they have taken more than the prescribed dose. What should you administer as the antidote if they experience toxicity?

• A. Naloxone
• B. N-acetylcysteine
• C. Atropine
• D. Digoxin immune Fab

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Naloxone is the specific antidote for opioid toxicity. It works by blocking the effects of opioids on the central nervous system, thereby reversing symptoms like respiratory depression and sedation. N-acetylcysteine is used for acetaminophen overdose, while atropine is indicated for certain types of poisonings. Digoxin immune Fab is used for digoxin toxicity.

4. What nursing interventions should you perform when a patient is on Albuterol? (Select all that apply)

• A. Assess lung sounds, pulse, and blood pressure before administering
• B. Monitor for changes in behavior
• C. Observe for paradoxical bronchospasms
• D. Both A and C

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When administering Albuterol, it is essential to assess the patient's lung sounds, pulse, and blood pressure before giving the medication, as Albuterol can cause cardiovascular side effects such as increased heart rate. Additionally, it is important to monitor for paradoxical bronchospasms, a rare but serious adverse reaction, where the medication causes worsening of bronchospasm instead of relief. Observing for this complication ensures that the patient receives prompt intervention if necessary.

5. When should Montelukast be taken?

• A. At least two hours before exercise
• B. Daily in the evening
• C. Two hours before exercise or daily in the evening
• D. None of the above

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Montelukast should be taken daily in the evening to effectively manage asthma symptoms. Taking it at the same time each day helps maintain a consistent level of the medication in the body, providing optimal control over asthma symptoms and inflammation.