ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored
1. Which of the following amino acids are considered indispensable?
- A. Lysine
- B. Methionine
- C. Tryptophan
- D. Valine
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lysine. Indispensable amino acids are those that the body cannot synthesize and must be obtained from the diet. Lysine, methionine, and tryptophan are all examples of indispensable amino acids. However, the question specifically asked for 3 out of the 9 indispensable amino acids, making 'Lysine' the correct choice. Choices B, C, and D are also indispensable amino acids but are not the focus of the question.
2. Diseases of the heart and blood vessels are collectively referred to as _____.
- A. Coronary artery disease
- B. Cardiovascular disease
- C. Coronary heart disease
- D. Coronary vessel disease
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct term for diseases of the heart and blood vessels is cardiovascular disease. While coronary artery disease (Choice A) specifically involves the narrowing of coronary arteries, it is just one type of cardiovascular disease. Coronary heart disease (Choice C) is also a specific condition related to the heart's blood vessels. Choice D, coronary vessel disease, is not a commonly used term to describe diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Therefore, Choice B, cardiovascular disease, is the most inclusive and appropriate term to refer to these conditions.
3. A mother asks about healthy snacks for her three children under 4 years old. All are wise choices the dental hygienist can recommend, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Low-fat milk or yogurt
- B. Whole-grain cereals
- C. Raw vegetable sticks
- D. Nuts and seeds
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Nuts and seeds pose a choking hazard for children under 4 years old, making them an unsafe snack choice for young children. While low-fat milk or yogurt, whole-grain cereals, and raw vegetable sticks are healthy snack options suitable for children under 4 years old, nuts and seeds should be avoided due to the risk of choking, especially in young children who may not have fully developed chewing abilities.
4. Dental hygienists should not encourage patients with eating disorders such as bulimia to brush immediately after vomiting because self-induced vomiting causes erosion of tooth enamel and dentin hypersensitivity.
- A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related
- B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
- C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
- D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The corrected question emphasizes that patients with eating disorders like bulimia should not brush immediately after vomiting as it can worsen enamel erosion due to the acidic content in the mouth. The correct answer is D because patients should rinse with water or a fluoride mouthwash instead of brushing to protect their teeth. Choice A is incorrect because encouraging patients to brush after vomiting is not recommended. Choice B is incorrect as the reason provided is valid but not suitable for the action of encouraging brushing. Choice C is incorrect as the reason for not brushing after vomiting is to prevent enamel erosion.
5. What describes a common physical change of aging that can affect an older adult's nutrition?
- A. reduced salivary output
- B. increased gastrointestinal motility
- C. abnormal cortisol production
- D. increase in number of taste buds
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Reduced salivary output is a common physical change in aging. This can affect an older adult's nutrition by impacting chewing, swallowing, and taste perception. The decrease in saliva production can make it harder to chew and swallow food effectively, affecting the overall eating experience. Additionally, saliva plays a role in taste perception, so a reduction in salivary output can lead to alterations in how food tastes, potentially impacting an individual's appetite and food choices. Increased gastrointestinal motility (choice B) is not typically associated with aging and would not directly affect nutrition. Abnormal cortisol production (choice C) is related to hormonal changes and is not a common physical change of aging that affects nutrition. An increase in the number of taste buds (choice D) is not a typical change associated with aging and would not have a significant impact on an older adult's nutrition.
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