ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored
1. Which hormone is produced in fat tissue and helps regulate body fat by suppressing appetite?
- A. glucagon
- B. ghrelin
- C. leptin
- D. insulin
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, leptin. Leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells that helps regulate energy balance by suppressing hunger, thus aiding in the regulation of body fat. Glucagon (choice A) is a hormone that raises blood glucose levels, ghrelin (choice B) stimulates appetite, and insulin (choice D) regulates blood sugar levels and promotes glucose uptake.
2. What laboratory value would be considered a high-risk measure for coronary heart disease assessment?
- A. triglycerides > 150 mg/dL
- B. BMI > 31
- C. LDL cholesterol < 128 mg/dL
- D. blood pressure of 128/82 mmHg
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: BMI > 31. A BMI over 31 is considered a high-risk factor for coronary heart disease as it indicates obesity, which is strongly linked to cardiovascular issues. Triglycerides > 150 mg/dL (choice A) can contribute to heart disease risk but are not as specific as BMI in assessing overall risk. LDL cholesterol < 128 mg/dL (choice C) is actually a desirable level, indicating lower risk. A blood pressure of 128/82 mmHg (choice D) is within normal range and not a high-risk measure specifically for coronary heart disease.
3. What factor has been shown to contribute to poor nutritional health among adolescents?
- A. Most teens choose fruit juice and milk over soda
- B. Many teens consume energy drinks on a regular basis
- C. Teens have busy schedules and rarely drink fluids throughout the day
- D. Teens are more likely to consume low-fat milk
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because many teens regularly consume energy drinks, which can contribute to poor nutritional health due to their high sugar and caffeine content, leading to unhealthy dietary patterns. Choice A is incorrect because choosing fruit juice and milk over soda would generally be considered a healthier choice. Choice C is incorrect as busy schedules leading to inadequate fluid intake might impact hydration but not necessarily poor nutritional health. Choice D is also incorrect as consuming low-fat milk is not typically a significant factor contributing to poor nutritional health among adolescents.
4. When assessing for criteria that signify malnutrition risk, which element would most likely be included as part of the functional assessment data?
- A. severity of illness
- B. presence of pressure sores
- C. localized edema
- D. generalized weakness
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Generalized weakness is a key indicator of malnutrition and is often assessed as part of functional status, reflecting muscle wasting and reduced physical function. The other choices, such as severity of illness, presence of pressure sores, and localized edema, are important factors to consider in a clinical assessment but are not primarily indicative of malnutrition risk. Generalized weakness directly relates to the functional impact of malnutrition on physical performance.
5. Plant stanols and sterols help to lower LDL cholesterol and are often added to which food product?
- A. margarine
- B. milk
- C. cereal
- D. yogurt
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Plant stanols and sterols are commonly added to margarine to help lower LDL cholesterol levels. Margarine acts as a vehicle for these compounds, making it easier for individuals to incorporate them into their daily diet. While milk, cereal, and yogurt are healthy food options, they are not typically enriched with plant stanols and sterols for cholesterol-lowering purposes, making them less likely candidates as the correct answer.
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