ATI RN
ATI Proctored Nutrition Exam
1. What nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for a patient with heart failure?
- A. risk for infection
- B. fluid volume excess
- C. impaired body temperature
- D. ineffective airway clearance
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient with heart failure is 'fluid volume excess.' In heart failure, the heart's reduced pumping ability leads to fluid retention, causing an excess of fluid in the body. This can result in symptoms such as edema, shortness of breath, and weight gain. 'Risk for infection,' 'impaired body temperature,' and 'ineffective airway clearance' are not the most appropriate nursing diagnoses for a patient with heart failure as they do not directly relate to the pathophysiology and common issues seen in heart failure patients.
2. A pregnant woman has applied to use WIC services to supplement her food intake. The WIC program would provide vouchers for _____ in this situation.
- A. lean beef
- B. fruit-flavored yogurt
- C. whole grain bread
- D. refried beans
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: whole grain bread. The WIC program aims to provide nutritious foods to support a healthy diet during pregnancy. Whole grain bread is a good source of fiber and essential nutrients. Choice A, lean beef, is a protein source but may not be as versatile as whole grain bread in providing a variety of nutrients essential during pregnancy. Choice B, fruit-flavored yogurt, may contain added sugars and may not offer the same level of essential nutrients as whole grain bread. Choice D, refried beans, is a good source of protein and fiber, but whole grain bread is often a staple recommended in pregnancy for its nutritional benefits.
3. Risk factors that have been shown to contribute to age-related macular degeneration include _____.
- A. oxidative stress from sunlight
- B. iron-deficiency anemia
- C. decreased intake of phytochemicals
- D. vitamin B6 malabsorption
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: oxidative stress from sunlight. Oxidative stress caused by exposure to sunlight is a significant risk factor for age-related macular degeneration. This condition can result in vision loss among older individuals. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Iron-deficiency anemia, decreased intake of phytochemicals, and vitamin B6 malabsorption are not established risk factors for age-related macular degeneration.
4. Which of the following best represents the goal of reflective listening?
- A. Repeating what the patient says
- B. Informing using direct advice
- C. Keeping the patient talking
- D. Warning the patient
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The goal of reflective listening is to keep the patient talking, allowing them to express their thoughts and concerns fully. Choice A, 'Repeating what the patient says,' is incorrect as reflective listening involves paraphrasing or summarizing rather than verbatim repetition. Choice B, 'Informing using direct advice,' is incorrect because reflective listening focuses on understanding the patient's perspective rather than providing direct advice. Choice D, 'Warning the patient,' is also incorrect as reflective listening aims to create a safe and open environment for the patient to share without feeling judged or warned.
5. Mr. Bradley has been advised to limit his dairy product intake. What principle regarding fluid intake should be followed?
- A. Gelatin, soups, fruit ices, and frozen fruit bars contribute to your fluid intake
- B. Drink milk in moderation
- C. Increase fiber intake
- D. Limit protein intake
Correct answer: A
Rationale: For patients with kidney disease, it's important to manage fluid intake from all sources, including foods like gelatin and soups, which can contribute to fluid overload.
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