ATI RN

1. Which of the following are normal arterial blood gas values?

• A. PH 7.25, PaCO2 52mm Hg, PA02 75 mm Hg, HCO3 18 mEq/L
• B. PH 7.50, PaCo2 30 mm Hg, Pa02 80 mm Hg, HCO3 28 mEq/L
• C. PH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, Pa02 90 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mEq/L
• D. PH 7.15, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, Pa02 50 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mEq/L

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Normal arterial blood gas values are typically PH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, Pa02 90 mm Hg, and HCO3 24 mEq/L, indicating a balanced state.

2. Which of the following describes the damage to the brain that results in cerebral palsy?

• A. Reversible with cognitive therapy with the infant client
• B. Transient and resolves in adulthood from physical therapy
• C. Manifested as an adult after normal childhood activities
• D. Irreversible and occurs before, during, or after birth or infancy

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cerebral palsy involves irreversible damage to the brain, occurring before, during, or shortly after birth, and it affects movement and coordination.

3. Which of the following stores electrolytes and acts as an electrolyte pool?

• A. Brain - Kidneys
• B. Bone - Nails
• C. Bone - Liver
• D. Liver - Pancreas

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Bones store electrolytes and act as a reservoir, maintaining a balance of essential minerals like calcium and phosphate.

4. Which of the following steps happens first during hemostasis?

• A. Vascular spasm
• B. Platelet plug
• C. Coagulation
• D. Dissolving of the clot

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Vascular spasm is the first response in the hemostasis process, which helps to reduce blood flow to the affected area.

5. What is the distinguishing feature of Hodgkin disease noted on histologic exam?

• A. Reed-Sternberg cells
• B. Red-stained cells
• C. Human Papillomavirus
• D. B-cells and T-cells

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Reed-Sternberg cells are the distinguishing feature of Hodgkin disease, identifiable in histologic exams.