ATI RN
ATI Exit Exam 180 Questions Quizlet
1. A nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Massage the injection site after administration.
- B. Administer the medication intramuscularly.
- C. Inject the medication into the client's abdomen.
- D. Inject the medication into the deltoid muscle.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to inject the medication into the client's abdomen. Enoxaparin is a medication that should be administered subcutaneously, not intramuscularly. Massaging the injection site after administration is not recommended as it can cause bruising or discomfort. Injecting the medication into the deltoid muscle is also incorrect because enoxaparin should be given in areas of adipose tissue, such as the abdomen, to ensure proper absorption and effectiveness.
2. When caring for a client with asthma experiencing an acute exacerbation, which medication should the nurse administer first?
- A. Montelukast
- B. Salmeterol
- C. Albuterol
- D. Fluticasone
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During an acute asthma exacerbation, the priority is to quickly relieve bronchoconstriction and improve airflow. Albuterol is a short-acting bronchodilator that acts rapidly to dilate the airways, making it the first-line medication for acute symptom relief. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term asthma control, not for immediate relief. Salmeterol is a long-acting bronchodilator used for maintenance therapy, not for acute exacerbations. Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid that reduces airway inflammation and is also used for long-term control, not for immediate relief during an exacerbation.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect to be elevated?
- A. Serum albumin.
- B. Ammonia.
- C. Bilirubin.
- D. Prothrombin time.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ammonia. In clients with cirrhosis, impaired liver function can lead to elevated levels of ammonia in the blood. Elevated ammonia levels can result in hepatic encephalopathy, a condition characterized by altered mental status. Serum albumin (Choice A) is typically decreased in cirrhosis due to the liver's reduced synthetic function. Bilirubin (Choice C) levels can be elevated in liver disease but may not always be the most specific marker for cirrhosis. Prothrombin time (Choice D) is prolonged in cirrhosis due to impaired liver synthesis of clotting factors.
4. A client with diabetes mellitus is experiencing hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Polyuria
- B. Warm, dry skin
- C. Irritability
- D. Hyperventilation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Irritability is a common finding in clients with hypoglycemia due to decreased glucose levels in the brain. Polyuria (excessive urination) is not typically associated with hypoglycemia, but rather with hyperglycemia. Warm, dry skin is not a typical finding in hypoglycemia; instead, the skin may be cool and clammy. Hyperventilation is not a common finding in hypoglycemia; instead, shallow breathing or difficulty breathing may occur.
5. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Glucose 180 mg/dL
- B. Sodium 136 mEq/L
- C. Potassium 3.8 mEq/L
- D. Albumin 3.5 g/dL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Glucose 180 mg/dL." Elevated glucose levels in a client receiving TPN may indicate hyperglycemia, which can lead to complications such as osmotic diuresis, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances. It is essential to report this finding to the provider for further evaluation and management. Choices B, C, and D are within normal ranges and do not indicate immediate concerns related to TPN administration.
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