ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. According to Piaget, a 6-month-old infant should be in which developmental stage?
- A. Use of reflexes
- B. Primary circular reactions
- C. Secondary circular reactions
- D. Coordination of secondary schemata
Correct answer: C
Rationale: By 6 months, infants are usually in the stage of secondary circular reactions, where they start to intentionally repeat actions that bring pleasure or interesting results.
2. Which intervention is the most appropriate recommendation for relief of teething pain?
- A. Rub gums with aspirin to relieve inflammation
- B. Apply hydrogen peroxide to gums to relieve irritation
- C. Give the infant a frozen teething ring to relieve inflammation
- D. Have the infant chew on a warm teething ring to encourage tooth eruption
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A frozen teething ring is effective for relieving teething pain as the cold helps numb the gums and reduce inflammation, making it a safe and effective method for managing discomfort
3. What changes could the school nurse implement at the school to help reduce students’ risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
- A. Increase the amount of daily physical activity.
- B. Decrease the amount of daily physical activity.
- C. Test each child’s urine monthly.
- D. Teach parents to avoid administering aspirin to their child.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Increasing physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity and can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in children. Regular physical activity is a key component in managing weight and reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Decreasing physical activity (Choice B) would not be beneficial in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. Testing each child’s urine monthly (Choice C) is not directly related to preventing type 2 diabetes. Teaching parents to avoid administering aspirin to their child (Choice D) is important for Reye's syndrome prevention but not directly related to reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes.
4. What approach is the most appropriate when performing a physical assessment on a toddler?
- A. Demonstrate the use of equipment
- B. Perform traumatic procedures last
- C. Use minimum physical contact initially
- D. Always proceed systematically in a head-to-toe direction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate approach when performing a physical assessment on a toddler is to use minimum physical contact initially. This helps gain the toddler's cooperation and reduces their distress. Performing traumatic procedures last is crucial as they are likely to upset the child and should be handled with care. Demonstrating the use of equipment may be complex for toddlers to understand, so it is not the most appropriate initial approach. Proceeding systematically in a head-to-toe direction is a good practice but using minimum physical contact initially is more important to establish trust and cooperation with the toddler.
5. Which type of play would be most beneficial for preparing a preschool-age child for upcoming surgery to reduce the stress of the event?
- A. Cooperative play
- B. Associative play
- C. Dramatic play
- D. Onlooker play
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Dramatic play involves role-playing, allowing children to act out scenarios and become more comfortable with them. This type of play can help reduce anxiety about upcoming events like surgery. Cooperative play involves working together towards a common goal, associative play involves loosely interacting with others, and onlooker play involves observing others play without actively participating. These types of play are not as directly related to preparing a child for surgery and reducing stress as dramatic play.
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