ATI RN
Growth and Development Exam
1. An inadequate diet during pregnancy can __________.
- A. lead to higher birth weight and greater brain weight
- B. reduce the risk of pregnancy-induced maternal diabetes
- C. distort the structure of the liver, kidney, and pancreas
- D. lead to fewer physical discomforts in the final weeks Answer: C Page Ref: 88 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: An inadequate diet during pregnancy can lead to the distortion of the structure of the liver, kidney, and pancreas in the developing fetus. Proper nutrition during pregnancy is crucial for the healthy development of these organs and essential for the overall well-being of the baby. A balanced diet supports optimal growth and development, while inadequate nutrition can have detrimental effects on the baby's organs and long-term health.
2. In an experimental study examining whether children who are read to more often score higher on vocabulary tests in first grade, the independent variable would be the __________.
- A. frequency of read-alouds
- B. type of books parents read
- C. child’s vocabulary score Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 31 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
- D. difficulty of vocabulary words Answer: A Page Ref: 33 Skill Level: Apply and limitations of each. Topic: Studying Development Difficulty Level: Difficult
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In an experimental study, the independent variable is the factor being manipulated or controlled by the researcher. In this case, the frequency of read-alouds is the variable that researchers would intentionally change or vary to see its effect on the dependent variable, which is the children's vocabulary scores. The other options (B. type of books parents read, C. child's vocabulary score, and D. difficulty of vocabulary words) are not the independent variable in this study as they are either irrelevant or are the outcome being measured.
3. Newborns of smoking mothers __________.
- A. are more attentive to sounds
- B. display more muscle tension
- C. less often have colic
- D. are less excitable when visually stimulated Answer: B Page Ref: 84 Skill Level: Understand known or suspected teratogens. Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 12 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e Topic: Prenatal Environmental Influences Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Newborns of smoking mothers display more muscle tension. This is because nicotine in cigarettes can lead to increased muscle tension in babies, which can affect their physical development and potentially lead to future health issues. This is one of the negative effects of smoking during pregnancy on the developing fetus.
4. The clinical method __________.
- A. allows investigators to see directly the everyday behaviors they hope to explain
- B. must be conducted with large groups of people at the same time Copyright © 2018 Laura E. Berk. All Rights Reserved. 26 Test Bank for Berk, Development Through the Lifespan, 7e
- C. provides little information on how children and adults actually behave
- D. yields richly detailed case narratives that offer valuable insights Answer: D Page Ref: 30 Skill Level: Understand Topic: Studying Development Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The clinical method yields richly detailed case narratives that offer valuable insights. This method involves in-depth interviews, direct observation, and structured interactions to gather detailed information about an individual's behavior and development. It focuses on understanding the unique aspects of an individual's experience and can provide rich insights into behavior and development.
5. During her labor, Renee asks for a mild dose of painkillers to help her relax. Renee will probably be given __________.
- A. an anesthetic
- B. an analgesic
- C. folic acid
- D. an anti-inflammatory medication Answer: B Page Ref: 97 Skill Level: Apply and any dangers associated with each. Topic: Medical Interventions Difficulty Level: Moderate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Renee will likely be given an analgesic during her labor to help manage her pain and provide relaxation. Analgesics are painkillers that can help reduce pain without causing loss of consciousness, making them suitable for labor pain management. Examples of analgesics commonly used during labor include opioids like morphine and non-opioids like acetaminophen.
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