ATI RN
ATI Capstone Fundamentals Assessment Proctored
1. A nurse is assisting with meal planning for a client who has been prescribed a mechanical soft diet. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Steamed carrots
- B. Orange slices
- C. Mashed potatoes
- D. Baked chicken
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Correct! Orange slices should be avoided by clients on a mechanical soft diet as they can be difficult to chew and swallow. Steamed carrots, mashed potatoes, and baked chicken are suitable choices for a mechanical soft diet, as they are softer in texture and easier to consume without posing a risk of choking or swallowing difficulties.
2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with a prescription for home oxygen therapy. Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Increase the oxygen flow rate when shortness of breath occurs
- B. Keep oxygen tubing away from heat sources
- C. Wear synthetic fabrics to prevent static
- D. Turn off the oxygen when not in use
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with home oxygen therapy is to keep oxygen tubing away from heat sources to prevent fires and other hazards. Option A is incorrect because adjusting the oxygen flow rate without healthcare provider guidance can be dangerous. Option C is incorrect as synthetic fabrics can generate static electricity, which is a fire hazard. Option D is incorrect as oxygen should be left on as prescribed unless advised otherwise.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer enteral feedings to a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Measure the residual gastric volume
- B. Verify tube placement
- C. Flush the tube with 100 mL of water
- D. Administer the feeding in small boluses
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Verifying tube placement is the crucial initial step a nurse should take before administering enteral feedings through an NG tube. This step ensures that the tube is correctly positioned in the stomach, reducing the risk of complications such as aspiration. Measuring residual gastric volume, flushing the tube with water, or administering the feeding in small boluses are all important steps in enteral feeding but should only be done after confirming the correct tube placement.
4. A client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery is at risk for constipation due to which behavior?
- A. Increased fiber intake
- B. Decreased fluid intake
- C. Frequent urge suppression
- D. Increased physical activity
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Postoperative clients are at risk for constipation due to various factors, including decreased fluid intake. Insufficient fluid consumption can lead to hardening of stools, making them difficult to pass. Increased fiber intake (choice A) is actually beneficial for preventing constipation as it adds bulk to the stool. Frequent urge suppression (choice C) can contribute to constipation by disrupting normal bowel habits. Increased physical activity (choice D) generally helps promote bowel movements and reduce the risk of constipation.
5. A nurse is completing an admission assessment for a client who has hearing loss. What action should the nurse take?
- A. Use written communication
- B. Speak louder than usual
- C. Face the client when speaking
- D. Provide care in a quiet environment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Using written communication is the most effective action for a nurse when assessing a client with hearing loss. This method helps overcome communication barriers by providing information visually, ensuring the client understands the assessment questions and instructions. Speaking louder (choice B) may distort the sound and not necessarily improve understanding. Facing the client (choice C) is important for lip reading but may not be sufficient for effective communication. Providing care in a quiet environment (choice D) is beneficial but might not fully address the need for clear communication in the assessment process for a client with hearing loss.
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