ATI RN
ATI Capstone Fundamentals Assessment Proctored
1. A nurse is preparing to administer enteral feedings to a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Measure the residual gastric volume
- B. Verify tube placement
- C. Flush the tube with 100 mL of water
- D. Administer the feeding in small boluses
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Verifying tube placement is the crucial initial step a nurse should take before administering enteral feedings through an NG tube. This step ensures that the tube is correctly positioned in the stomach, reducing the risk of complications such as aspiration. Measuring residual gastric volume, flushing the tube with water, or administering the feeding in small boluses are all important steps in enteral feeding but should only be done after confirming the correct tube placement.
2. A client at risk for pressure injuries is being cared for by a nurse. What intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Keep the client in one position
- B. Use a special mattress for the client
- C. Turn the client every 4 hours
- D. Provide extra pillows for positioning
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client at risk for pressure injuries is to use a special mattress. Special mattresses help reduce the risk of pressure injuries by redistributing pressure on bony areas, thus preventing tissue damage. Keeping the client in one position (choice A) can actually increase the risk of pressure injuries due to prolonged pressure on specific areas. Turning the client every 4 hours (choice C) is important for preventing pressure injuries, but using a special mattress is a more effective intervention. Providing extra pillows for positioning (choice D) may offer some comfort but does not address the primary intervention of pressure redistribution that a special mattress provides.
3. A client with diabetes mellitus is being taught about foot care by a nurse. What statement indicates understanding?
- A. I will soak my feet in hot water every day
- B. I will wear cotton socks at all times
- C. I will cut my toenails in a rounded shape
- D. I will apply lotion between my toes after bathing
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Wearing cotton socks is essential for clients with diabetes as it helps protect the feet and reduces the risk of skin breakdown. Choice A is incorrect because soaking feet in hot water can lead to burns or skin damage. Choice C is incorrect as clients with diabetes should cut their toenails straight across to prevent ingrown toenails. Choice D is incorrect as applying lotion between the toes can create a moist environment that may increase the risk of fungal infections.
4. A nurse is assessing the IV infusion site of a client who reports pain at the site. The site is red, and there is warmth along the course of the vein. What should the nurse do?
- A. Increase the IV flow rate
- B. Discontinue the infusion
- C. Elevate the limb
- D. Apply a cold compress
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to discontinue the infusion (Choice B) as the signs described suggest phlebitis, an inflammation of the vein. Increasing the IV flow rate (Choice A) can exacerbate the condition by increasing the irritation. Elevating the limb (Choice C) and applying a cold compress (Choice D) are not the appropriate interventions for phlebitis. Elevation and cold therapy are more suitable for conditions like swelling or inflammation, but in this case, discontinuing the infusion is the priority to prevent further complications.
5. When teaching a client about the correct use of a cane, what should the nurse include?
- A. Hold the cane on the weaker side
- B. Ensure the cane has a rubber tip
- C. Keep the cane on the dominant side
- D. Use the cane only on stairs
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. When instructing a client on the use of a cane, it is essential to ensure that the cane has a rubber tip. This rubber tip helps prevent slipping, providing additional stability and safety. Option A, holding the cane on the weaker side, is incorrect as the cane should be held on the stronger side to provide better balance and support. Option C, keeping the cane on the dominant side, is also incorrect because the cane should be held on the stronger side. Option D, using the cane only on stairs, is not comprehensive as the cane can be used for support and balance while walking on level ground as well.
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