ATI RN
Pathophysiology Exam 1 Quizlet
1. A patient with a history of osteoporosis is prescribed raloxifene (Evista). What is the primary therapeutic action of this medication?
- A. It stimulates the formation of new bone.
- B. It decreases bone resorption and increases bone density.
- C. It increases calcium absorption in the intestines.
- D. It increases the excretion of calcium through the kidneys.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'It decreases bone resorption and increases bone density.' Raloxifene, as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), works by reducing bone resorption (breakdown) and maintaining or increasing bone density. This mechanism helps in preventing further bone loss and can even increase bone mass. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Raloxifene does not stimulate the formation of new bone (choice A), increase calcium absorption in the intestines (choice C), or increase the excretion of calcium through the kidneys (choice D).
2. Which of the following is not true about Pure Experimental research?
- A. There is a control group
- B. There is an experimental group
- C. Selection of subjects in the control group is randomized
- D. There is a careful selection of subjects in the experimental group
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In Pure Experimental research, subjects in the experimental group are typically selected randomly to minimize bias and ensure that the results are attributable to the intervention being studied. Therefore, the statement 'There is a careful selection of subjects in the experimental group' is not true. This careful selection would introduce bias and compromise the validity of the experimental results. Choices A, B, and C are true for Pure Experimental research as it involves both a control group, an experimental group, and randomization of subject selection in the control group to ensure comparability.
3. A nurse is planning care for a client who is experiencing acute mania. What intervention should the nurse include?
- A. Encourage the client to take frequent rest periods.
- B. Withdraw TV privileges if the client does not attend group therapy.
- C. Place the client in seclusion during periods of anxiety.
- D. Encourage the client to spend time in the day room.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Encourage the client to take frequent rest periods. During acute mania, individuals often experience high levels of energy, decreased need for sleep, and increased activity levels. Encouraging the client to take frequent rest periods can help prevent exhaustion and promote better self-regulation. Choice B is incorrect because withdrawing TV privileges may not be directly related to managing acute mania. Choice C is incorrect as placing the client in seclusion can exacerbate feelings of anxiety and agitation. Choice D is incorrect as spending time in the day room may not address the need for rest and relaxation that is crucial during acute mania.
4. A patient on a low-sodium diet should avoid which of the following foods?
- A. Fresh fruits
- B. Unsalted nuts
- C. Canned soup
- D. Plain rice
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Canned soup is the correct answer. Canned soups are often high in sodium due to added salt and should be avoided on a low-sodium diet. Fresh fruits (Choice A) are typically low in sodium and a good choice for a low-sodium diet. Unsalted nuts (Choice B) are also low in sodium and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Plain rice (Choice D) is a low-sodium food and can be part of a low-sodium diet.
5. __________ love is strong at the beginning of a relationship.
- A. Compassionate
- B. Affectionate
- C. Passionate
- D. Companionate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Passionate love is characterized by intense emotions and physical attraction, which are common in the early stages of relationships. Compassionate love involves deep affection, but it develops over time based on mutual respect, trust, and intimacy. Affectionate love is warm and tender, but it may not necessarily have the intense emotions associated with passionate love. Companionate love is based on friendship, respect, and affection, but it may lack the intense emotions and physical attraction that characterize passionate love.
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