ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children
1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Which should the nurse do first?
- A. Introduce him- or herself
- B. Make the family comfortable
- C. Give assurance of privacy
- D. Explain the purpose of the interview
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Introducing oneself is the first step in establishing a rapport and setting a professional tone for the interaction.
2. The nurse's approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid should be based on which principle?
- A. The child may think the equipment is alive.
- B. Explaining the equipment will only increase the child’s fear
- C. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the child’s fear
- D. The child is too young to understand what the equipment does
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Preschoolers may engage in magical thinking and believe inanimate objects are alive, so the nurse should explain the equipment in a way that reduces fear.
3. What is the appropriate site to administer an intramuscular (IM) vaccine to a newborn?
- A. The dorsal gluteal muscle
- B. The vastus lateralis muscle
- C. The ventral gluteal muscle
- D. The biceps muscle
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct site to administer an intramuscular (IM) vaccine to a newborn is the vastus lateralis muscle. For newborns, the vastus lateralis is preferred over the dorsogluteal site because the dorsogluteal site has been associated with low antibody seroconversion rates, indicating a reduced immune response. The vastus lateralis is also recommended for IM injections in newborns, while the deltoid muscle is preferred for older infants and children. The ventral gluteal muscle and the biceps muscle are not appropriate sites for IM injections. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.
4. The mother of an infant diagnosed with bronchiolitis asks the nurse what causes the disease. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
- B. Haemophilus influenzae
- C. Parainfluenza
- D. Rotavirus
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis, especially in infants. Bronchiolitis is characterized by inflammation of the small airways in the lungs. Choice B, Haemophilus influenzae, is a bacterium that can cause respiratory infections but is not the primary cause of bronchiolitis. Choice C, Parainfluenza, is a common viral infection that can cause croup and other respiratory illnesses but is not the main cause of bronchiolitis. Choice D, Rotavirus, is a virus that primarily affects the gastrointestinal system, causing diarrhea and vomiting, and is not associated with bronchiolitis.
5. Which describe the feelings and behaviors of early preschool children related to divorce? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Regressive behavior
- B. Fear of abandonment
- C. Blame themselves for the divorce
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Preschool children may exhibit regressive behavior, fear abandonment, and blame themselves for their parents' divorce due to their limited understanding of the situation.
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