Free ATI RN Nursing Care of Children practice for ATI Nursing Care of Children (ATI RN). Answer 60 nursing exam-style questions with rationales, exam mode, and
In children with Type 1 diabetes, what is a common early sign of hypoglycemia?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Sweating is indeed one of the earliest signs of hypoglycemia in children with Type 1 diabetes. When blood sugar levels drop too low, the body releases stress hormones like adrenaline, which can lead to sweating. While irritability, rapid heartbeat, and confusion can also be seen in hypoglycemia, sweating is particularly common as a quick indicator of low blood sugar levels in children with Type 1 diabetes.
What nursing consideration is most important when caring for a child with end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
ESRD places significant stress on both the child and the family due to the ongoing need for dialysis, medications, and lifestyle restrictions, making it important for healthcare providers to offer extensive support and resources to manage these challenges.
For a child with Kawasaki disease, which symptom is most indicative of the acute phase?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is A: Strawberry tongue. In Kawasaki disease, a 'strawberry tongue' is most indicative of the acute phase. This refers to the tongue appearing red and swollen with enlarged fungiform papillae, giving it a strawberry-like appearance. Joint pain (Choice B) is more commonly associated with other conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Rash (Choice C) and peeling skin (Choice D) are also seen in Kawasaki disease but are not as specific to the acute phase as the presence of a strawberry tongue.
During an otoscopic examination on an infant, in which direction is the pinna pulled?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
For infants, the pinna is pulled down and back to straighten the ear canal and allow proper visualization of the tympanic membrane during otoscopic examination.
An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents. Which moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Supporting an adolescent in making decisions about their care reflects the moral value of autonomy, emphasizing the importance of respecting the patient's right to make informed choices.
Which congenital heart defect causes a "boot-shaped" heart on a chest x-ray?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is A: Tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect with four distinct abnormalities, often presents with a "boot-shaped" heart on chest x-ray due to right ventricular hypertrophy. This characteristic finding is due to the specific combination of defects in this condition. Coarctation of the aorta (choice B), Transposition of the great arteries (choice C), and Ventricular septal defect (choice D) do not typically result in a "boot-shaped" heart on a chest x-ray like Tetralogy of Fallot does.
In addition to injuries, what are the leading causes of death in adolescents ages 15 to 19 years?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Suicide and homicide are significant causes of death in adolescents, highlighting the need for mental health and violence prevention programs.
What tool would be most useful to assess maternal and newborn attachment behaviors?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The NCAST Feeding Scale is the most suitable tool to evaluate maternal and newborn attachment behaviors during feedings. It focuses on observing the interaction between the parent and infant, providing insights into their bonding. The Apgar score is used to assess a neonate's immediate transition to life outside the womb, not specifically maternal and newborn attachment behaviors. The Ballard scale is used to estimate gestational age, not to assess attachment behaviors. The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale is designed to evaluate a newborn's responses to various stimuli, not specifically maternal and newborn attachment behaviors.
What play activities should the nurse implement to encourage fluid intake for a child? (Select all that apply.)
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Encouraging fluid intake can be fun and engaging through activities like having a tea party, using a crazy
Congenital defects of the genitourinary tract, such as hypospadias, are usually repaired as early as possible to accomplish what?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Early repair of congenital genitourinary defects like hypospadias is important to promote a normal body image and avoid psychological issues as the child grows. It also helps prevent urinary complications and allows for normal development.
The nurse is teaching a parent of a 6-month-old infant with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) before discharge. What instructions should the nurse include?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Cimetidine is an H2 blocker that reduces stomach acid, helping manage GER. Holding the infant in the prone position is not recommended due to the risk of SIDS. Breastfeeding should not be discontinued unless advised by a physician. Elevating the head to 90 degrees is excessive.
A Hispanic toddler has pneumonia. The nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Food items, such as Jell-O, Popsicles, and juices, are left. Which statement best explains this?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
In Hispanic culture, the balance between hot and cold is important, and the parent may be giving the child broth to restore this balance while avoiding "cold" foods.
Nurses should be alert for increased fluid requirements in which circumstance?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Fever increases metabolic rate, leading to insensible water loss, thus requiring increased fluid intake. Mechanical ventilation, CHF, and increased intracranial pressure generally require fluid restriction rather than increased fluid intake.
A child who has just had definitive repair of a high rectal malformation is to be discharged. What should the nurse address in the discharge preparation of this family?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Postoperative care should focus on monitoring changes in stooling patterns, which could indicate complications such as stenosis or obstruction. It is crucial to educate the family on the importance of promptly reporting any changes in stooling patterns to the healthcare provider. Options A and B are not recommended unless specifically ordered by the physician as they can potentially cause harm or discomfort postoperatively. Option C may not be appropriate immediately after surgery and should be guided by the healthcare provider's recommendations.
The nurse is caring for a child with Meckel diverticulum. What type of stool does the nurse expect to observe?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Corrected Rationale: Currant jelly-like stools, which contain blood and mucus, are characteristic of Meckel diverticulum. This symptom occurs due to the bleeding from the ectopic gastric mucosa present in the diverticulum. Steatorrhea (choice A) is not typically associated with Meckel diverticulum. Clay-colored stools (choice B) are seen in conditions affecting the biliary system. Loose stools with undigested food (choice D) may indicate malabsorption issues, but it is not specifically linked to Meckel diverticulum.
Rectal temperatures are indicated in which situation?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Rectal temperatures provide the most accurate measurement of core body temperature and are therefore indicated when accuracy is essential.
The nurse is performing an assessment on a 12-month-old infant. Which fine or gross motor developmental skill demonstrates the proximodistal acquisition of skills?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The development of a pincer grasp reflects fine motor skills, which develop in a proximodistal pattern (from the center of the body outward).
What clinical manifestation(s) is associated with calcium depletion (hypocalcemia)?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Hypocalcemia can lead to neuromuscular irritability, causing symptoms such as muscle cramps, tetany, or seizures. Other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and weakness are less specific and can be related to various conditions.
Several types of seizures can occur in neonates. What is characteristic of clonic seizures?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Clonic seizures are characterized by slow, rhythmic, jerking movements that cannot be stopped by flexion of the affected limb. Therefore, the correct characteristic of clonic seizures is option D. Option A, apnea, is not characteristic of clonic seizures. Option B, tremors, does not describe clonic seizures accurately. Option C, extension of all four limbs, is not a typical feature of clonic seizures but rather seen in tonic seizures.
An infant with short bowel syndrome will be on total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for an extended period of time. What should the nurse monitor the infant for?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Infants with short bowel syndrome requiring prolonged total parenteral nutrition (TPN) are susceptible to central venous catheter infections, electrolyte losses, and hyperglycemia. Monitoring for these complications is crucial to prevent serious outcomes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the common complications associated with prolonged TPN in infants.
Picking up a pencil demonstrates the ability to use which of the following?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Picking up a pencil requires the use of the pincer grasp, which involves the coordination of the thumb and forefinger to hold small objects. The pincer grasp is a fine motor skill essential for tasks that necessitate precision and dexterity. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Prehension refers to the act of grasping or holding an object, parachute reflex is a protective response to sudden movement or loss of support, and grasp reflex is an automatic closing of the hand when an object is placed in the palm, none of which specifically relate to the action of picking up a pencil.
What is the first sign of puberty in girls?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is C, Thelarche. Thelarche refers to the onset of breast development, which is typically the first sign of puberty in girls. This occurs before menarche (the first menstrual period). Choices A and B, acne and hair growth in the pubic area and underarms, are not the first signs of puberty in girls. While acne can be a common occurrence during puberty, it usually appears after other physical changes. Hair growth in the pubic area and underarms also occurs later in the puberty process.
A child diagnosed with aplastic anemia is admitted to the hospital. The parents ask the nurse what aplastic anemia is. Which response by the nurse is accurate?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, leading to pancytopenia. This can result in fatigue, infections, and bleeding tendencies. It is not characterized by abnormal red blood cell shapes, but rather by a reduction in the production of blood cells. Therefore, the accurate response is that aplastic anemia is caused by the bone marrow producing inadequate cells. Choices A and B are incorrect as aplastic anemia does not cause a proliferation of white blood cells or involve abnormally shaped red blood cells. Choice D is incorrect as aplastic anemia is not typically a disorder that occurs after a viral illness.
At which age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Infants typically begin to smile in response to pleasurable stimuli by 2 months, which is an early sign of social interaction and emotional development.
A parent of a school-age child tells the school nurse that the parents are going through a divorce. The child has not been doing well in school and sometimes has trouble sleeping. The nurse should recognize this as what?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Poor academic performance and sleep disturbances are common reactions in children going through their parents' divorce, reflecting stress and adjustment challenges.
The nurse is interviewing the father of a 10-month-old girl. The child is playing on the floor when she notices an electrical outlet and reaches up to touch it. Her father says no firmly and moves her away from the outlet. The nurse should use this opportunity to teach the father what?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
At 10 months, children are beginning to understand simple commands like "no." It is important for parents to reinforce this understanding consistently to help the child learn about boundaries and safety.
Which of the following is a hallmark sign of intussusception in children?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
"Currant jelly" stools, consisting of mucus and blood, are characteristic of intussusception in children. It occurs due to the telescoping of a segment of the intestine into an adjacent segment, leading to obstruction and subsequent mucosal ischemia, causing the passage of bloody mucus in the stool. Bilious vomiting can be seen in other conditions like bowel obstruction, abdominal distention can be present but is not as specific, and constipation is less likely in the presentation of intussusception.
A child is admitted with suspected pyloric stenosis. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is B: 'Observe for projectile vomiting.' Projectile vomiting is a classic sign of pyloric stenosis, caused by obstruction at the pylorus. Choice A is incorrect as metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis, often occurs due to the loss of hydrochloric acid from persistent vomiting. Choice C is incorrect as frequent, small feedings are preferred to prevent overloading the stomach. Choice D is incorrect as placing the infant in an upright position after feeding can help reduce reflux.
A child is hospitalized in acute renal failure and has a serum potassium greater than 7 mEq/L. What temporary measures that will produce a rapid but transient effect to reduce the potassium should the nurse expect to be prescribed? (Select all that apply.)
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Calcium gluconate, sodium bicarbonate, and glucose with insulin are used as temporary measures to rapidly reduce serum potassium levels. They help shift potassium into cells and stabilize the heart but do not remove potassium from the body like dialysis does.
The Asian parent of a child being seen in the clinic avoids eye contact with the nurse. What is the best explanation for this considering cultural differences?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
In many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially towards authority figures such as healthcare providers.
A 5-year-old has patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for pain management after abdominal surgery. What information does the nurse include in teaching the parents about the PCA?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is C because the PCA pump can be programmed to deliver a continuous basal rate of pain medication to maintain pain control. While the goal of PCA is effective pain relief, it does not guarantee a pain-free state. In the case of a 5-year-old child, the parents or nurse can administer boluses if necessary since the child may not fully comprehend using the PCA button. Monitoring every 1 to 2 hours for patient response is adequate and there is no need for monitoring every 15 minutes, as stated in choice D, unless specific circumstances dictate more frequent monitoring.
The nurse is discussing growth and development with a group of parents. What should the nurse say about developmental milestones?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is B: "Age-specific tasks that most children can do at a certain time." Developmental milestones are specific tasks or abilities that most children can achieve at a certain age range. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because developmental milestones are not just about increase in body size, the direction of growth, or the age group of children. They are more focused on the expected tasks and skills children can accomplish at particular ages.
What is the primary treatment for Kawasaki disease?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is B, Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). IVIG is the primary treatment for Kawasaki disease, an acute vasculitis that mainly affects children under 5 years old. Early administration of IVIG is crucial as it helps reduce the risk of coronary artery aneurysms, which is the most serious complication of Kawasaki disease. Corticosteroids (Choice A) are not the primary treatment for Kawasaki disease and are not recommended due to potential adverse effects. Antibiotics (Choice C) are not indicated for the treatment of Kawasaki disease as it is not caused by a bacterial infection. Antivirals (Choice D) are also not part of the standard treatment for Kawasaki disease, as it is not caused by a viral infection.
The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse plan to ensure atraumatic care?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Allowing the child to make choices, such as selecting the type of juice, helps to maintain a sense of control and reduce anxiety, ensuring atraumatic care.
At what age is binocularity, the ability to fixate on one visual field with both eyes simultaneously, typically achieved?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Binocularity, the ability to fixate on one visual field with both eyes simultaneously, is typically achieved by the age of 3 to 4 months. Achieving binocularity at 1 month is too early for most infants as their visual system is still developing. Similarly, 6 to 8 months and 12 months are beyond the normal age range for achieving binocularity, and delayed achievement could indicate potential issues like strabismus, which may lead to visual impairment if not addressed.
An eleven-year-old boy is admitted with a history of type 1 diabetes. What information about school age should the nurse use to formulate the teaching plan for daily injections?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
By the age of eleven, many children are capable of administering their own insulin injections with supervision, fostering independence and better management of their diabetes. This age is appropriate for the child to take on more responsibility for their care. While parental involvement is still crucial for supervision and guidance, the child can start to learn and perform the injections themselves. Choice A is incorrect because parental involvement is important for safety and proper technique. Choice C is incorrect as waiting until closer to adolescence may delay the child's ability to manage their diabetes effectively. Choice D is incorrect as reaching injection sites is not the sole criteria; proper technique and supervision are essential.
What self-report pain rating scales can be used in children as young as 3 years of age?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The FACES Pain Rating Scale is suitable for children as young as 3 years of age. It uses facial expressions to depict different levels of pain, making it easy for young children to understand and use. The Poker Chip Tool is validated for children aged 4 and older who have a certain level of cognitive ability. The Visual Analog Scale is more appropriate for children aged 7 and above. The Word-Graphic Rating Scale, which uses descriptive words, is recommended for children in the age range of 4 to 17 years.
What is an approximate method of estimating output for a child who is not toilet trained?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Weighing diapers is the most accurate way to estimate urine output in a child who is not toilet trained. This method provides a measurable and reliable estimate of fluid output.
The mother of a 6-year-old boy who has recently had surgery for the removal of his tonsils and adenoids complains that he has begun sucking his thumb again. Which defense mechanism should the nurse include when responding to the mother?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is B: Regression. Regression is a common defense mechanism where a child reverts to an earlier stage of development, such as thumb-sucking, to cope with stress. In this scenario, the 6-year-old boy is using thumb-sucking (a behavior typical of earlier developmental stages) as a way to deal with the stress of surgery. Repression (choice A) involves unconsciously blocking out thoughts or feelings, which is not applicable in this case. Rationalization (choice C) is a defense mechanism where illogical or unreasonable explanations are provided to justify behavior, which is not relevant here. Fantasy (choice D) refers to the use of imagination to escape from reality, which is also not the appropriate defense mechanism for the situation described.
When discussing discipline with the mother of a 4-year-old child, which should the nurse include?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Consistent parental control is crucial for effective discipline, providing clear expectations and consequences for behavior.
The caregiver asks why the 6-month-old infant needs to have solid foods when breast milk is such a good source of nutrition. What would be the best response by the nurse?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct response is A. Solid foods, especially iron-fortified cereals, are introduced to meet the infant's increased nutritional needs, including iron, which breast milk alone may not provide adequately. Choice B is incorrect because the extrusion reflex is related to the tongue-thrust reflex, not the nutritional needs of the infant. Choice C is incorrect as breastfeeding does not become painful when the infant gets more teeth, and it is not a reason for introducing solid foods. Choice D is incorrect as the infant's interest in trying new skills is not a primary reason for introducing solid foods at this age.
Pretending a sheet is a cape to mimic a superhero is characteristic of which childhood phenomenon?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is B, symbolic functioning. Symbolic functioning refers to children using objects, actions, or ideas to represent other objects, actions, or ideas. In this scenario, pretending a sheet is a cape to mimic a superhero demonstrates the child's ability to engage in symbolic play. Choice A, artificialism, is incorrect as it refers to the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities. Choice C, critical thinking, does not directly relate to the imaginative play described in the question. Choice D, dramatic play, is close but not as precise as symbolic functioning, which specifically highlights the use of objects to represent something else.
What may be a clinical manifestation of failure to thrive (FTT) in a 13-month-old include?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
FTT is characterized by weight that falls below the 10th percentile, often accompanied by delayed developmental milestones and poor feeding habits. Regularity in activities and preference for solid food over milk or formula are less commonly associated with FTT.
What is the first-line treatment for a febrile seizure in a child?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is Antipyretics. Febrile seizures in children are usually associated with fever. The first-line treatment aims to reduce fever, which can help prevent febrile seizures. Antipyretics like acetaminophen or ibuprofen are commonly used for this purpose. Anticonvulsants, while used for treating seizures, are not typically the first-line treatment for febrile seizures as they are usually self-limited and resolve on their own. Cooling blankets can be used to lower body temperature in cases of hyperthermia but are not the primary treatment for febrile seizures. IV fluids may be administered in cases of dehydration due to fever or if the child cannot tolerate oral intake, but they are not the first-line treatment for febrile seizures.
An infant, age 5 months, is brought to the clinic by his parents for a well-baby checkup. What is the best advice that the nurse should include at this time about injury prevention?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Small objects are a choking hazard for infants, so it is crucial to keep them out of reach to prevent injury.
What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) who has scrotal edema?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Elevating the scrotum with a rolled washcloth helps reduce edema by promoting fluid drainage. Ice packs are not recommended due to the risk of frostbite, and warm moist packs are not typically used for this purpose. An upright position does not specifically address the edema.
The nurse is preparing an airborne infection isolation room for a patient. Which communicable disease does the patient likely have?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Varicella (chickenpox) is an airborne infectious disease, requiring isolation to prevent the spread of the virus.
When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Allowing adolescents to express their feelings helps them feel heard and supported, which is crucial for effective communication.
What is the most appropriate nursing action when intermittently gavage feeding a preterm infant?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct action when intermittently gavage feeding a preterm infant is to allow the formula to flow by gravity. This method helps prevent overfeeding and aspiration, which can occur if the formula is delivered too quickly under pressure. Choice B is incorrect as sucking on the tube can cause complications. Choice C is incorrect as the tube is typically inserted through the mouth. Choice D is incorrect as steady pressure can lead to rapid delivery of the formula, increasing the risk of complications.
In assessing sexual maturity levels, which tool would you expect to use?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is B: Tanner staging. Tanner staging is a tool specifically used to assess sexual maturity in adolescents based on the development of secondary sexual characteristics. The Tanner scale ranges from stage 1 (prepubertal) to stage 5 (adult maturity). This tool helps healthcare providers evaluate the physical development and sexual maturation of individuals. Choice A, the Denver II Developmental Screening, is used to assess developmental milestones in children. Choice C, antibody testing, is a diagnostic tool used to detect the presence of specific antibodies in the blood. Choice D, the nursing process, is a systematic method that nurses use to deliver patient-centered care, involving assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
The parents of a 2-month-old boy are concerned about spoiling their son by picking him up when he cries. What is the nurse's best response?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Comforting and cuddling a 2-month-old baby when they cry helps build trust and security. At this age, responding to cries does not lead to spoiling, but rather supports healthy emotional development.
A 3-year-old child, previously potty-trained, becomes a bed-wetter again during a hospital stay. Which explanation should the nurse provide to the parents?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
During a hospital stay, preschool children may exhibit regression in behaviors such as bed-wetting due to stress. It is important for parents to understand that this behavior is a common response to the hospital environment and should resolve once the child is back home. Therefore, the correct explanation for the nurse to provide to the parents is choice C. Choice A is incorrect because it inaccurately states that the child is no longer potty-trained. Choice B is incorrect as it assumes a medical issue without evidence. Choice D is incorrect as it dismisses the parents' concerns without addressing the underlying cause of the behavior.
A child is admitted for minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). The nurse recognizes that the child's prognosis is related to what factor?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The prognosis for children with MCNS is closely related to their response to steroid therapy. A favorable response to steroids usually indicates a better prognosis, while poor response may require alternative treatments and can indicate a more complicated disease course.
What is an important consideration in understanding the reactions of parents when their infant is born with physical defects?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
When a parent's infant is born with physical defects, understanding the psychological reactions is crucial. The reaction is often similar to the grief experienced when facing the death of a child. Parents need to grieve for the loss of the expected child and adapt to the needs of a child with physical defects. The grief process typically involves stages like shock, frustration, and anger, which can last for years. Denial during the shock phase is not maladaptive but can help parents cope initially. Additionally, parents are sensitive to the behavior of health professionals, whose interactions can significantly influence the parents' reactions to the infant. Therefore, recognizing the similarity of the psychological reaction to grief is an important consideration in understanding how parents cope with their infant's physical defects.
What is characteristic of a neonate's vision?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is A: 'Pupils react to light.' Newborns' pupils do react to light, indicating that the visual pathway is functioning. However, a neonate's vision is still developing, and they can only focus on objects close to their face. Choice B is incorrect because tear glands are functional at birth. Choice C is incorrect because the blink reflex is present in neonates and helps protect their eyes. Choice D is incorrect as neonates' ciliary muscles are not fully developed.
The parents of a 2-month-old boy are concerned about spoiling their son by picking him up when he cries. What is the nurse's best response?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
Comforting and cuddling a 2-month-old baby when they cry helps build trust and security. At this age, responding to cries does not lead to spoiling, but rather supports healthy emotional development.
A 3-year-old child, previously potty-trained, becomes a bed-wetter again during a hospital stay. Which explanation should the nurse provide to the parents?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
During a hospital stay, preschool children may exhibit regression in behaviors such as bed-wetting due to stress. It is important for parents to understand that this behavior is a common response to the hospital environment and should resolve once the child is back home. Therefore, the correct explanation for the nurse to provide to the parents is choice C. Choice A is incorrect because it inaccurately states that the child is no longer potty-trained. Choice B is incorrect as it assumes a medical issue without evidence. Choice D is incorrect as it dismisses the parents' concerns without addressing the underlying cause of the behavior.
A child is admitted for minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). The nurse recognizes that the child's prognosis is related to what factor?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The prognosis for children with MCNS is closely related to their response to steroid therapy. A favorable response to steroids usually indicates a better prognosis, while poor response may require alternative treatments and can indicate a more complicated disease course.
What is an important consideration in understanding the reactions of parents when their infant is born with physical defects?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
When a parent's infant is born with physical defects, understanding the psychological reactions is crucial. The reaction is often similar to the grief experienced when facing the death of a child. Parents need to grieve for the loss of the expected child and adapt to the needs of a child with physical defects. The grief process typically involves stages like shock, frustration, and anger, which can last for years. Denial during the shock phase is not maladaptive but can help parents cope initially. Additionally, parents are sensitive to the behavior of health professionals, whose interactions can significantly influence the parents' reactions to the infant. Therefore, recognizing the similarity of the psychological reaction to grief is an important consideration in understanding how parents cope with their infant's physical defects.
What is characteristic of a neonate's vision?
Select the best answer.
Explanation:
The correct answer is A: 'Pupils react to light.' Newborns' pupils do react to light, indicating that the visual pathway is functioning. However, a neonate's vision is still developing, and they can only focus on objects close to their face. Choice B is incorrect because tear glands are functional at birth. Choice C is incorrect because the blink reflex is present in neonates and helps protect their eyes. Choice D is incorrect as neonates' ciliary muscles are not fully developed.
Your time is up
You’ve reached the end of your allocated time, but you can still review the questions and continue navigating the exam.
Restart exam?
Reset progress and restart the exam? Your current score will be saved before your answers are cleared.