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1. Which information will the nurse include when teaching a 50-year-old patient who has type 2 diabetes about glyburide (Micronase, DiaBeta, Glynase)?
- A. Glyburide decreases glucagon secretion from the pancreas.
- B. Glyburide stimulates insulin production and release from the pancreas.
- C. Glyburide should be taken even if the morning blood glucose level is low.
- D. Glyburide should not be used for 48 hours after receiving IV contrast media.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Glyburide stimulates insulin production and release from the pancreas. Glyburide belongs to the sulfonylurea class of antidiabetic medications, which work by stimulating the pancreas to produce and release more insulin. This helps to lower blood glucose levels. Choice A is incorrect because glyburide does not decrease glucagon secretion; instead, it acts on insulin. Choice C is incorrect because taking glyburide when blood glucose is low can lead to hypoglycemia. Choice D is incorrect as there is no specific interaction between glyburide and IV contrast media that requires avoiding its use for 48 hours.
2. Which of the following is the correct definition of 'chain of command'?
- A. The hierarchy of authority and responsibility
- B. Relationship without authority
- C. Activity directed through linear authority
- D. The tendency for people to perform as expected
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct definition of 'chain of command' is the hierarchy of authority and responsibility. This term refers to the order in which authority and power in an organization are wielded and delegated from top management to every employee at every level. Choice B, 'Relationship without authority,' is incorrect because the chain of command specifically involves authority and responsibility. Choice C, 'Activity directed through linear authority,' is not a precise definition of the chain of command, as it does not encompass the full scope of authority and hierarchy. Choice D, 'The tendency for people to perform as expected,' is unrelated to the concept of the chain of command.
3. What is the primary goal of a root cause analysis (RCA) in healthcare?
- A. To assign blame for errors
- B. To prevent future errors by identifying underlying causes
- C. To improve patient satisfaction
- D. To analyze the financial impact of errors
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To prevent future errors by identifying underlying causes.' Root cause analysis (RCA) in healthcare aims to delve deep into the factors contributing to an error to prevent its recurrence. Choice A is incorrect as RCA focuses on identifying system issues, not blaming individuals. Choice C is incorrect as while improving patient satisfaction may result from the process, it is not the primary goal. Choice D is incorrect as the main focus of RCA is not financial analysis but rather improving patient safety.
4. A resident on night call refuses to answer pages from the staff nurse on the night shift and complains that she calls too often with minor problems. The nurse feels offended and reacts with frequent, middle-of-the-night phone calls to 'get back' at him. The behavior displayed by the resident and the nurse is an example of what kind of conflict?
- A. Perceived conflict
- B. Disruptive conflict
- C. Competitive conflict
- D. Felt conflict
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Disruptive conflict.' In disruptive conflict, the parties involved are engaged in activities to reduce, defeat, or eliminate the opponent. In this scenario, the resident and the nurse are engaging in behaviors that disrupt their professional relationship by intentionally ignoring pages and making excessive retaliatory calls. Perceived conflict refers to a situation where one or more parties believe that a conflict exists, competitive conflict involves striving to achieve personal goals at the expense of others, and felt conflict refers to the emotional involvement in a conflict situation.
5. An RN is explaining to a student nurse what professionalism in nursing means. Which of the following statements, if made by the student nurse, demonstrates teaching has been successful?
- A. Commitment to others means I should be honest and accountable for my actions.
- B. I should encourage my fellow nurses to talk when they are having a bad day.
- C. I should be flexible with myself and my fellow nurses when it comes to the dress code.
- D. If I need a day off, I should promptly call in sick to give my manager plenty of time to find a replacement.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Commitment to others involves accountability for one�s actions, lifelong learning, and commitment to colleagues.
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