ATI RN
ATI Oncology Quiz
1. Nurse Meredith is instructing a premenopausal woman about breast self-examination. The nurse should tell the client to do her self-examination:
- A. at the end of her menstrual cycle.
- B. on the same day each month.
- C. on the 1st day of the menstrual cycle.
- D. immediately after her menstrual period.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: For premenopausal women, the best time to perform a breast self-examination (BSE) is immediately after their menstrual period ends. This timing is ideal because hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle can cause breast tissue to become swollen and tender, making it more difficult to detect any lumps or changes. After the menstrual period, breast tissue is usually softer and less lumpy, allowing for a more accurate assessment of any abnormalities.
2. A client with long-standing heart failure being treated for cancer has received a dose of ondansetron for nausea. What action by the nurse is most important?
- A. Assess the client for a headache or dizziness.
- B. Request a prescription for cardiac monitoring.
- C. Instruct the client to change positions slowly.
- D. Weigh the client daily before eating.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ondansetron can prolong the QT interval, making cardiac monitoring essential in this scenario.
3. An oncology nurse is providing health education for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with leukemia. What should the nurse explain about commonalities between all of the different subtypes of leukemia?
- A. The different leukemias all involve unregulated proliferation of white blood cells.
- B. The different leukemias all have unregulated proliferation of red blood cells and decreased bone marrow function.
- C. The different leukemias all result in a decrease in the production of white blood cells.
- D. The different leukemias all involve the development of cancer in the lymphatic system.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Leukemia commonly involves unregulated proliferation of white blood cells.
4. A client undergoing chemotherapy is at risk for developing mucositis. What nursing intervention is most appropriate to help manage this condition?
- A. Encourage the client to drink plenty of fluids.
- B. Administer antifungal mouthwash.
- C. Teach the client to avoid spicy or acidic foods.
- D. Apply a topical anesthetic to the oral mucosa before meals.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding spicy or acidic foods can help prevent irritation of the mucosa, which is already sensitive during mucositis.
5. The nurse is caring for a 39-year-old woman with a family history of breast cancer. She requested a breast tumor marking test and the results have come back positive. As a result, the patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy. This surgery is an example of what type of oncologic surgery?
- A. Salvage surgery
- B. Palliative surgery
- C. Prophylactic surgery
- D. Reconstructive surgery
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Prophylactic surgery refers to the preventive removal of tissues or organs at high risk for developing cancer, even when no cancer is currently present. In this case, the patient has a positive breast tumor marking test and a significant family history of breast cancer, which places her at increased risk for developing the disease. A bilateral mastectomy is performed to significantly reduce this risk by removing both breasts, thereby preventing the potential future occurrence of breast cancer.
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