ATI Oncology Quiz

ATI RN

1. A nurse is providing care to a patient who has just received a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?

A. Risk for bleeding
B. Risk for infection
C. Impaired gas exchange
D. Imbalanced nutrition

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Risk for infection is a high priority due to the patient's compromised immune system from AML.

2. Nurse Meredith is instructing a premenopausal woman about breast self-examination. The nurse should tell the client to do her self-examination:

A. at the end of her menstrual cycle.
B. on the same day each month.
C. on the 1st day of the menstrual cycle.
D. immediately after her menstrual period.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: For premenopausal women, the best time to perform a breast self-examination (BSE) is immediately after their menstrual period ends. This timing is ideal because hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle can cause breast tissue to become swollen and tender, making it more difficult to detect any lumps or changes. After the menstrual period, breast tissue is usually softer and less lumpy, allowing for a more accurate assessment of any abnormalities.

3. An oncology nurse is providing health education for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with leukemia. What should the nurse explain about commonalities between all of the different subtypes of leukemia?

A. The different leukemias all involve unregulated proliferation of white blood cells.
B. The different leukemias all have unregulated proliferation of red blood cells and decreased bone marrow function.
C. The different leukemias all result in a decrease in the production of white blood cells.
D. The different leukemias all involve the development of cancer in the lymphatic system.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Leukemia commonly involves unregulated proliferation of white blood cells.

4. A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim to a client undergoing chemotherapy. What is the primary purpose of this medication?

A. Increase white blood cell production.
B. Reduce the risk of infection.
C. Enhance red blood cell production.
D. Control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Filgrastim is primarily used to increase white blood cell production in clients undergoing chemotherapy.

5. Which of the following descriptions of chemotherapy is correct?

A. Chemotherapy is externally given through high energy waves
B. Chemotherapy is known to have fatigue as a common side effect
C. Chemotherapy spreads throughout the body
D. Chemotherapy attacks cancer cells only

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Chemotherapy drugs are typically administered systemically, meaning they circulate throughout the body via the bloodstream. This allows them to target cancer cells that may have spread beyond the original tumor site, making chemotherapy an effective treatment for cancers that are metastatic (have spread to other parts of the body). However, because chemotherapy is not selective, it can also affect healthy cells that divide rapidly, leading to a range of side effects.