ATI RN
ATI Oncology Quiz
1. The nurse is caring for a 39-year-old woman with a family history of breast cancer. She requested a breast tumor marking test and the results have come back positive. As a result, the patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy. This surgery is an example of what type of oncologic surgery?
- A. Salvage surgery
- B. Palliative surgery
- C. Prophylactic surgery
- D. Reconstructive surgery
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Prophylactic surgery refers to the preventive removal of tissues or organs at high risk for developing cancer, even when no cancer is currently present. In this case, the patient has a positive breast tumor marking test and a significant family history of breast cancer, which places her at increased risk for developing the disease. A bilateral mastectomy is performed to significantly reduce this risk by removing both breasts, thereby preventing the potential future occurrence of breast cancer.
2. A 16-year-old female patient experiences alopecia resulting from chemotherapy, prompting the nursing diagnoses of disturbed body image and situational low self-esteem. What action by the patient would best indicate that she is meeting the goal of improved body image and self-esteem?
- A. The patient requests that her family bring her makeup and wig.
- B. The patient begins to discuss the future with her family.
- C. The patient reports less disruption from pain and discomfort.
- D. The patient cries openly when discussing her disease.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a patient experiences alopecia due to chemotherapy, it can significantly impact their self-esteem and body image, particularly in adolescents who are especially sensitive to physical changes. A request for makeup and a wig indicates that the patient is actively taking steps to enhance her appearance and cope with the changes brought on by her treatment. This action reflects a positive engagement with her body image and suggests a desire to feel more comfortable and confident in her appearance, signaling an improvement in her self-esteem.
3. Four clients are receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Which of these four clients would the nurse assess first?
- A. Dry, itchy, peeling skin.
- B. Serum calcium of 9.2 mg/dL (2.3 mmol/L).
- C. Serum potassium of 2.8 mEq/L (2.8 mmol/L).
- D. Weight gain of 0.5 lb (1.1 kg) in 1 day.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L is critically low and requires immediate intervention.
4. A nurse works on an oncology unit and delegates personal hygiene to assistive personnel (AP). What action by the AP requires intervention from the nurse?
- A. Allowing a very tired client to skip oral hygiene and sleep.
- B. Assisting clients with washing the perianal area every 12 hours.
- C. Helping the client use a soft-bristled toothbrush for oral care.
- D. Reminding the client to rinse the mouth with water or saline.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Skipping oral hygiene is not appropriate for a client, even if they are tired, as it increases the risk of infection.
5. A nurse is providing care to a patient who has just received a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
- A. Risk for bleeding
- B. Risk for infection
- C. Impaired gas exchange
- D. Imbalanced nutrition
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Risk for infection is a high priority due to the patient's compromised immune system from AML.
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