ATI RN
ATI Oncology Quiz
1. A client hospitalized for chemotherapy has a hemoglobin of 6.1 mg/dL (61 mmol/L). The client is symptomatic but refuses blood transfusions. What medication does the nurse prepare to administer?
- A. Epoetin alfa.
- B. Filgrastim.
- C. Mesna.
- D. Dexrazoxane.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Epoetin alfa stimulates the production of red blood cells, which is important for a client who refuses blood transfusions.
2. A patient with leukemia has developed stomatitis and is experiencing a nutritional deficit. An oral anesthetic has consequently been prescribed. What health education should the nurse provide to the patient?
- A. Chew with care to avoid inadvertently biting the tongue.
- B. Use the oral anesthetic 1 hour prior to meal time.
- C. Brush teeth before and after eating.
- D. Swallow slowly and deliberately.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: If oral anesthetics are used, the patient must be warned to chew with extreme care to avoid inadvertently biting the tongue or buccal mucosa.
3. A nurse works on an oncology unit and delegates personal hygiene to assistive personnel (AP). What action by the AP requires intervention from the nurse?
- A. Allowing a very tired client to skip oral hygiene and sleep.
- B. Assisting clients with washing the perianal area every 12 hours.
- C. Helping the client use a soft-bristled toothbrush for oral care.
- D. Reminding the client to rinse the mouth with water or saline.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Skipping oral hygiene is not appropriate for a client, even if they are tired, as it increases the risk of infection.
4. A patient’s most recent diagnostic imaging has revealed that his lung cancer has metastasized to his bones and liver. What is the most likely mechanism by which the patient’s cancer cells spread?
- A. Hematologic spread
- B. Lymphatic circulation
- C. Invasion
- D. Angiogenesis
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the case of lung cancer that has metastasized to the bones and liver, lymphatic circulation is a key mechanism by which cancer cells spread from the primary tumor site to distant organs. Cancer cells can invade nearby lymphatic vessels and travel through the lymphatic system, eventually reaching lymph nodes and spreading to other tissues and organs. This route is significant in the metastasis of many types of cancer, including lung cancer.
5. A patient with Hodgkin lymphoma is receiving radiation therapy. What side effect should the nurse monitor for that is most common with this type of treatment?
- A. Alopecia
- B. Fatigue
- C. Nausea
- D. Mucositis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Mucositis is a common side effect of radiation therapy that should be closely monitored.
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