ATI RN
ATI Oncology Quiz
1. The nurse is caring for a 39-year-old woman with a family history of breast cancer. She requested a breast tumor marking test and the results have come back positive. As a result, the patient is requesting a bilateral mastectomy. This surgery is an example of what type of oncologic surgery?
- A. Salvage surgery
- B. Palliative surgery
- C. Prophylactic surgery
- D. Reconstructive surgery
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Prophylactic surgery refers to the preventive removal of tissues or organs at high risk for developing cancer, even when no cancer is currently present. In this case, the patient has a positive breast tumor marking test and a significant family history of breast cancer, which places her at increased risk for developing the disease. A bilateral mastectomy is performed to significantly reduce this risk by removing both breasts, thereby preventing the potential future occurrence of breast cancer.
2. The hospice nurse is caring for a patient with cancer in her home. The nurse has explained to the patient and the family that the patient is at risk for hypercalcemia and has educated them on the signs and symptoms of this health problem. What else should the nurse teach this patient and family to do to reduce the patient’s risk of hypercalcemia?
- A. Stool softeners are contraindicated.
- B. Laxatives should be taken daily.
- C. Consume 2 to 4 L of fluid daily.
- D. Restrict calcium intake.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should encourage the patient to consume 2 to 4 liters of fluid daily to reduce the risk of hypercalcemia.
3. A nurse works on an oncology unit and delegates personal hygiene to assistive personnel (AP). What action by the AP requires intervention from the nurse?
- A. Allowing a very tired client to skip oral hygiene and sleep.
- B. Assisting clients with washing the perianal area every 12 hours.
- C. Helping the client use a soft-bristled toothbrush for oral care.
- D. Reminding the client to rinse the mouth with water or saline.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Skipping oral hygiene is not appropriate for a client, even if they are tired, as it increases the risk of infection.
4. A patient with Hodgkin lymphoma is receiving radiation therapy. What side effect should the nurse monitor for that is most common with this type of treatment?
- A. Alopecia
- B. Fatigue
- C. Nausea
- D. Mucositis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Mucositis is a common side effect of radiation therapy that should be closely monitored.
5. An oncology nurse is providing health education for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with leukemia. What should the nurse explain about commonalities between all of the different subtypes of leukemia?
- A. The different leukemias all involve unregulated proliferation of white blood cells.
- B. The different leukemias all have unregulated proliferation of red blood cells and decreased bone marrow function.
- C. The different leukemias all result in a decrease in the production of white blood cells.
- D. The different leukemias all involve the development of cancer in the lymphatic system.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Leukemia commonly involves unregulated proliferation of white blood cells.
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