ATI RN
Multi Dimensional Care | Exam | Rasmusson
1. A client with a diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus develops pneumonia. What type of infection is this?
- A. An opportunistic infection
- B. A root cause infection
- C. A pathogenic infection
- D. A nosocomial infection
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: An opportunistic infection. In patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), infections like pneumonia are considered opportunistic because they take advantage of a weakened immune system. Option B, root cause infection, is incorrect as it does not describe the nature of the infection in relation to the patient's condition. Option C, pathogenic infection, is incorrect because while pneumonia is caused by pathogens, in the context of HIV, it is specifically termed as an opportunistic infection. Option D, nosocomial infection, is also incorrect as it refers to infections acquired in a healthcare setting, not related to the patient's HIV status.
2. The client with systemic sclerosis (Scleroderma) is experiencing Raynaud's phenomenon. What assessment finding does the nurse anticipate?
- A. Excessive heartburn
- B. Cyanosis of the lips
- C. Excess wrinkled skin
- D. Cold and purple nailbeds
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
3. Which finding is not typically associated with inflammation in a client?
- A. Pain
- B. Heat
- C. Polyuria
- D. Erythema
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Polyuria is excessive urination and is not a typical assessment finding in inflammation. Inflammation commonly presents with pain (A), heat (B), and erythema (D) which are classic signs of an inflammatory response. Pain results from the release of inflammatory mediators, heat is due to increased blood flow, and erythema is caused by vasodilation and increased blood flow to the area. Polyuria is more likely associated with conditions such as diabetes or renal issues, rather than inflammation.
4. Which of the following lab tests should NOT be used for diagnosing connective tissue diseases?
- A. Rheumatoid factor (RF)
- B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
- C. Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)
- D. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
5. A nurse assesses an area of skin over a bony prominence. What finding would be most concerning?
- A. Redness
- B. Non-blanching
- C. Blanching
- D. Warmth
Correct answer: A
Rationale:
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