ATI RN
ATI RN Exit Exam
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Oxygen saturation of 91%
- B. Use of pursed-lip breathing
- C. Productive cough with green sputum
- D. Decreased breath sounds in the right lower lobe
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct finding the nurse should report to the provider is decreased breath sounds in the right lower lobe. This can indicate a respiratory infection or atelectasis in clients with COPD, requiring further evaluation and intervention. Choice A, an oxygen saturation of 91%, although slightly lower than normal, does not necessarily require immediate reporting unless the client's baseline is significantly higher. Choice B, the use of pursed-lip breathing, is actually a beneficial technique for clients with COPD to improve oxygenation and reduce shortness of breath, so it does not need reporting. Choice C, a productive cough with green sputum, can be common in clients with COPD and may indicate an infection, but it is not as concerning as decreased breath sounds in a specific lung lobe which may signify a more acute issue.
2. How should a healthcare provider respond to a patient refusing a blood transfusion for religious reasons?
- A. Respect the patient's beliefs
- B. Educate the patient on the importance of the transfusion
- C. Notify the healthcare provider
- D. Persuade the patient to accept the transfusion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a patient refuses a blood transfusion for religious reasons, the healthcare provider should respect the patient's beliefs. It is crucial to uphold the patient's autonomy and right to make decisions about their care, even if the provider disagrees. Educating the patient on the importance of the transfusion may be appropriate in some cases, but the initial response should always be to respect the patient's decision. Notifying the healthcare provider is not necessary as the decision lies with the patient. Persuading the patient to accept the transfusion goes against the principle of respecting the patient's autonomy and beliefs.
3. A nurse is observing bonding between a client and her newborn. Which of the following actions by the client requires the nurse to intervene?
- A. Holding the newborn in an en face position
- B. Asking the father to change the newborn's diaper
- C. Requesting the nurse to take the newborn to the nursery so she can rest
- D. Viewing the newborn's actions as uncooperative
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because viewing the newborn's actions as uncooperative indicates a lack of bonding, which requires intervention. Choices A, B, and C all involve appropriate and caring actions by the client towards the newborn. Holding the newborn in an en face position promotes bonding, involving the father in caring for the newborn is beneficial for family involvement, and requesting rest by asking the nurse to take the newborn to the nursery is a responsible action to ensure both the client and the newborn get adequate rest.
4. A client has a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Avoid consuming dairy products.
- B. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
- C. Limit fluid intake to prevent dehydration.
- D. Take the medication at bedtime.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to increase their intake of potassium-rich foods when taking furosemide. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium loss, so consuming potassium-rich foods like bananas and oranges can help maintain adequate potassium levels. Choice A is incorrect because there is no need to avoid consuming dairy products. Choice C is incorrect because while fluid intake may need to be monitored, the general instruction is not to limit fluids to prevent dehydration. Choice D is incorrect because furosemide is usually best taken during the day to avoid disrupting sleep with frequent urination.
5. A healthcare professional is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following findings should the professional report to the provider?
- A. Blood glucose level of 130 mg/dL
- B. Serum sodium level of 140 mEq/L
- C. Serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L
- D. Platelet count of 250,000/mm³
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, a complication that should be reported in clients receiving TPN. Hypokalemia can lead to serious cardiac and neuromuscular complications. The other options are within normal ranges and do not indicate immediate concerns for a client receiving TPN. A blood glucose level of 130 mg/dL, serum sodium level of 140 mEq/L, and platelet count of 250,000/mm³ are all considered normal values and do not require immediate intervention.
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