ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam
1. A client has diaper dermatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Apply zinc oxide ointment to the irritated area.
- B. Wipe stool from the skin using store-bought baby wipes.
- C. Apply talcum powder to the irritated area.
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Diaper dermatitis, also known as diaper rash, is a common condition in babies or clients who wear diapers. The primary intervention for diaper dermatitis is to apply a protective barrier cream, such as zinc oxide ointment, to the irritated area. This helps to protect the skin from irritants and promotes healing. Wiping stool from the skin using baby wipes may further irritate the skin, and talcum powder is no longer recommended due to potential respiratory risks when inhaled. Therefore, the correct action for the nurse in this scenario is to apply zinc oxide ointment to the irritated area.
2. When caring for a client who speaks a language different from their own, what action should the nurse take?
- A. Request an interpreter of a different sex from the client.
- B. Request a family member or friend to interpret information for the client.
- C. Direct attention toward the interpreter when speaking to the client.
- D. Review the facility policy about the use of an interpreter.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When caring for a client who speaks a different language, it is essential for the nurse to review the facility policy about the use of an interpreter. Using a professional interpreter ensures accurate communication and protects the client's confidentiality. Requesting an interpreter of a specific sex or relying on family members or friends can lead to miscommunication or breaches of confidentiality. Directing attention towards the interpreter helps facilitate communication but does not address the need for a professional interpreter as per facility policy.
3. A client with fibromyalgia requests pain medication. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
- A. Pregabalin
- B. Lorazepam
- C. Colchicine
- D. Codeine
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Pregabalin is commonly used to manage pain associated with fibromyalgia. It works by reducing the number of pain signals sent out by damaged nerves. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety, not pain management. Colchicine is primarily used for gout treatment, and codeine, while an analgesic, is not typically the first-line choice for fibromyalgia pain due to its potential for side effects and misuse.
4. A healthcare professional is preparing to assess a 2-week-old newborn. Which of the following actions should the professional plan to take?
- A. Obtain the newborn's body temperature using a tympanic thermometer.
- B. FACES pain scale.
- C. Auscultate the newborn's apical pulse for 60 seconds.
- D. Measure the newborn's head circumference over the eyebrows and below the occipital prominence.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Assessing the apical pulse in newborns is important to evaluate their cardiac function. The normal heart rate for a newborn is typically between 100-160 beats per minute. Auscultating the apical pulse for a full 60 seconds allows for an accurate assessment of the newborn's heart rate. This is a crucial component of the newborn assessment to ensure the baby's cardiovascular system is functioning within the expected range.
5. When caring for a toddler with acute lymphocytic leukemia, in which of the following activities should the toddler participate?
- A. Looking at alphabet flashcards.
- B. Playing with a large plastic truck.
- C. Using scissors to cut out paper shapes.
- D. Watching a cartoon in the dayroom.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Toddlers with acute lymphocytic leukemia may have compromised immune systems and need to avoid activities that increase infection risk. Playing with a large plastic truck is a safe and engaging activity that does not pose a high risk of infection. This choice also promotes physical activity and creativity, which are beneficial for a toddler's development during illness.
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