ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. When starting a new prescription for prednisone, which instruction should the nurse include for the client?
- A. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
- B. Do not stop taking this medication abruptly.
- C. Avoid grapefruit juice while taking this medication.
- D. Take the medication at bedtime to prevent drowsiness.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting a new prescription for prednisone is not to stop taking the medication abruptly. Abrupt discontinuation of prednisone can lead to adrenal insufficiency, emphasizing the importance of gradual tapering under healthcare provider guidance. Increasing potassium-rich foods may be necessary based on individual needs, but it is not the priority instruction in this context. Grapefruit juice interaction is more commonly associated with certain medications but not specifically with prednisone. Taking prednisone at bedtime to prevent drowsiness is not a key instruction related to its administration.
2. A client is prescribed Ranitidine. Which of the following laboratory results should be monitored by the nurse?
- A. Complete blood count (CBC).
- B. Serum creatinine.
- C. Serum potassium.
- D. Serum glucose.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Ranitidine can potentially lead to blood dyscrasias, necessitating the monitoring of the client's CBC. Checking the CBC can help detect any abnormalities in blood cell counts and assess the client's overall hematologic status during Ranitidine therapy.
3. A client has a new prescription for Valproic Acid. The client should be informed that which of the following laboratory tests need to be completed periodically? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Thrombocyte count.
- B. Hematocrit.
- C. Amylase.
- D. Liver function tests.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Valproic acid can lead to thrombocytopenia, making it essential to monitor the client's thrombocyte count periodically. Additionally, valproic acid can cause pancreatitis, necessitating the monitoring of amylase levels. Furthermore, valproic acid carries a risk of hepatotoxicity, requiring regular monitoring of liver function tests.
4. When administering IV Amphotericin B to a client with a systemic fungal infection, the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Constipation
- C. Fever
- D. Hyperkalemia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is fever. Amphotericin B is known to cause adverse effects such as fever, chills, and nausea during infusion. Monitoring for fever is essential as it can indicate an adverse reaction. To manage these effects, pretreatment with diphenhydramine and acetaminophen can be administered.
5. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer vancomycin to a client. The professional should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Nephrotoxicity
- B. Hepatotoxicity
- C. Red Man Syndrome
- D. Diarrhea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Red Man Syndrome is a common adverse effect of vancomycin characterized by flushing and rash. It is not related to nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, or diarrhea. Monitoring for this reaction allows for prompt intervention to prevent severe complications.
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