ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. A client is taking Ritonavir, a protease inhibitor, to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Increased TSH level
- B. Decreased ALT level
- C. Hypoglycemia
- D. Hyperlipidemia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hyperlipidemia, characterized by increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels, can occur as an adverse effect of Ritonavir. Monitoring lipid levels is essential to detect and manage this potential side effect in clients taking this medication for HIV infection.
2. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer IV Furosemide to a client with heart failure. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?
- A. Administer the medication undiluted.
- B. Dilute the medication with normal saline.
- C. Administer the medication through a central line.
- D. Administer the medication slowly over 2 minutes.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide, when administered intravenously, should be given slowly over 2 minutes to reduce the risk of ototoxicity, a known adverse effect of rapid infusion. This method allows for better monitoring of the client's response and decreases the likelihood of adverse reactions associated with a faster administration rate.
3. A client has a new prescription for Methotrexate to treat Rheumatoid Arthritis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
- A. Take this medication with food to prevent nausea.
- B. Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated while on this medication.
- C. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.
- D. Wear sunscreen when outdoors while taking this medication.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client taking Methotrexate is to avoid alcohol, as it can increase the risk of liver damage. Alcohol consumption should be avoided to prevent potential adverse effects while on this medication.
4. When teaching a client with a prescription for Loperamide for diarrhea, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with a full glass of water.
- B. Avoid activities that require alertness.
- C. Expect abdominal pain and bloating.
- D. Take an additional dose after each loose stool.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction the nurse should include when teaching a client with a prescription for Loperamide is to 'Avoid activities that require alertness.' Loperamide can cause drowsiness, so clients should avoid such activities until they know how the medication affects them.
5. What is one of the therapeutic uses of Valproate?
- A. Suppression of seizure activity
- B. Replacement of hypothyroidism to restore normal hormone balance
- C. Maintenance of blood glucose
- D. Lowering of blood pressure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Valproate, also known as Valproic acid, is commonly used in medicine for the suppression of seizure activity. It is an anticonvulsant medication that helps manage and prevent seizures in various conditions such as epilepsy. While it is not used for replacing hypothyroidism, maintaining blood glucose levels, or lowering blood pressure, its primary therapeutic use is in managing seizures.
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