ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. Which of the following medications is a bronchodilator?
- A. Albuterol
- B. Omeprazole
- C. Ondansetron
- D. Senna
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Albuterol is classified as a bronchodilator, which is commonly used to treat conditions like asthma by relaxing the muscles in the airways and increasing airflow to the lungs. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid production, while ondansetron is an anti-nausea medication, and senna is a laxative.
2. What is the therapeutic use of metformin?
- A. Lower blood pressure
- B. Diminish seizure activity
- C. The maintenance of a person's blood glucose levels
- D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is commonly prescribed to manage and control blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes. It helps in reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and improves the body's response to insulin, thereby aiding in the regulation of blood sugar levels. It is not used to lower blood pressure, diminish seizure activity, increase heart rate, or decrease gastrointestinal secretions.
3. When educating a client with a new prescription for albuterol, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Use the inhaler every 4 hours.
- B. Shake the inhaler before use.
- C. Take a deep breath before inhaling the medication.
- D. Use a spacer when using the inhaler.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Shaking the albuterol inhaler before use is essential to ensure that the medication is evenly mixed and properly delivered when inhaled. This maximizes the effectiveness of the medication in opening the airways and relieving symptoms of bronchospasm.
4. A client has a prescription for Heparin. Which of the following laboratory tests should be monitored while the client is receiving Heparin?
- A. Prothrombin time (PT)
- B. Complete blood count (CBC)
- C. International normalized ratio (INR)
- D. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is the correct laboratory test to monitor while a client is receiving Heparin. This test is used to assess the therapeutic levels of heparin in the blood, ensuring that the dose is within the safe and effective range. Monitoring aPTT helps healthcare providers adjust the dosage of Heparin to prevent complications such as bleeding or clotting.
5. A client is taking Ritonavir, a protease inhibitor, to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Increased TSH level
- B. Decreased ALT level
- C. Hypoglycemia
- D. Hyperlipidemia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hyperlipidemia, characterized by increased cholesterol and triglyceride levels, can occur as an adverse effect of Ritonavir. Monitoring lipid levels is essential to detect and manage this potential side effect in clients taking this medication for HIV infection.
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