ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. Why is it important to monitor ins and outs in patients using ACE inhibitors?
- A. To assess for renal impairment
- B. To ensure the patient is receiving adequate fluid intake
- C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure
- D. To assess for NSAID use
Correct answer: A
Rationale: It is crucial to monitor ins and outs in patients using ACE inhibitors to assess for renal impairment. ACE inhibitors can affect renal function, potentially leading to renal impairment. Monitoring the patient's fluid balance helps in early recognition of any renal issues and allows for timely interventions to prevent complications.
2. A client is receiving discharge teaching for a new prescription of Fluoxetine for PTSD. Which of the following statements should be included in the teaching?
- A. You may experience a decreased desire for intimacy while taking this medication.
- B. You should take this medication in the evening to help promote sleep.
- C. You may experience fewer urinary adverse effects if you urinate just before taking this medication.
- D. You should wear sunglasses when outdoors due to the light sensitivity caused by this medication.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: One of the potential adverse effects of fluoxetine and other SSRIs is a decreased libido, which can impact intimacy. It is essential for the nurse to educate the client about this possible side effect to promote awareness and understanding of the medication's effects.
3. A client with deep vein thrombosis has been on heparin continuous infusion for 5 days. The provider prescribes warfarin PO without discontinuing the heparin. The client asks the nurse why both anticoagulants are necessary. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. Warfarin takes several days to work, so the IV heparin will be used until the warfarin reaches a therapeutic level.
- B. I will call the provider to get a prescription for discontinuing the IV heparin today.
- C. Both heparin and warfarin work together to dissolve the clots.
- D. The IV heparin increases the effects of the warfarin and decreases the length of your hospital stay.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because warfarin takes several days to reach a therapeutic level and exert its full anticoagulant effect. During this time, the IV heparin is continued to prevent clotting until the warfarin is effective. Both medications are used together temporarily for this reason. Discontinuing heparin prematurely can increase the risk of clot formation. Therefore, the nurse should explain to the client that the IV heparin will be continued until the warfarin reaches a therapeutic level.
4. A client has a new prescription for Enfuvirtide to treat HIV infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions?
- A. Bone marrow suppression
- B. Pancreatitis
- C. Pancreatitis
- D. Bone marrow suppression
Correct answer: D
Rationale: While bone marrow suppression is not typically associated with Enfuvirtide, a more relevant concern is the risk of severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis. Enfuvirtide, an HIV fusion inhibitor, can cause local injection site reactions and systemic allergic responses. Monitoring for signs of allergic reactions, such as rash, fever, and difficulty breathing, is crucial to ensure the client's safety.
5. A client has a new prescription for Metoclopramide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Expect a rapid heart rate.
- B. Take the medication with meals.
- C. Report any signs of restlessness or involuntary movements.
- D. Avoid consuming dairy products.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction to include when teaching a client about Metoclopramide is to report any signs of restlessness or involuntary movements. Metoclopramide can lead to extrapyramidal symptoms, such as restlessness or involuntary movements. It is essential for clients to notify their healthcare provider if they experience these symptoms to receive appropriate management.
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