ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. A client with peptic ulcer disease is prescribed sucralfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take sucralfate with meals.
- B. Take sucralfate 1 hr before meals.
- C. Take sucralfate with antacids.
- D. Take sucralfate 2 hours after meals.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for taking sucralfate is 1 hour before meals. This timing allows sucralfate to effectively coat the stomach lining and provide a protective barrier against gastric acid, helping to prevent ulcers.
2. A healthcare professional is caring for a group of clients receiving antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following clients should the professional plan to monitor for manifestations of antibiotic toxicity?
- A. An adolescent client with a sinus infection
- B. An older adult client with prostatitis
- C. A client who is postpartum with mastitis
- D. A middle-aged client with a urinary tract infection
Correct answer: B
Rationale: An older adult client with prostatitis who is receiving antibiotics should be monitored for toxicity due to age-related reductions in medication metabolism and excretion. Older adults are more susceptible to antibiotic toxicity, making them a high-risk group for adverse effects.
3. What is the action of Metformin?
- A. Decreasing intestinal glucose absorption
- B. Increasing sensitivity to insulin
- C. Decreasing hepatic glucose production
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Metformin exerts its effects by decreasing hepatic glucose production, increasing sensitivity to insulin, and decreasing intestinal glucose absorption. These actions help in lowering blood glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity in individuals with diabetes.
4. A client has a new prescription for Methotrexate to treat Rheumatoid Arthritis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
- A. Take this medication with food to prevent nausea.
- B. Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated while on this medication.
- C. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.
- D. Wear sunscreen when outdoors while taking this medication.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client taking Methotrexate is to avoid alcohol, as it can increase the risk of liver damage. Alcohol consumption should be avoided to prevent potential adverse effects while on this medication.
5. A healthcare professional is reviewing laboratory results for a client who is receiving heparin via continuous IV infusion. Which of the following results indicates that the heparin infusion should be increased?
- A. aPTT of 90 seconds
- B. Platelet count of 150,000/mm³
- C. INR of 1.0
- D. Hgb of 15 g/dL
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An aPTT of 90 seconds is above the therapeutic range for heparin, which typically falls between 60-80 seconds. This indicates that the current heparin dose is too high, and the infusion rate should be decreased to avoid excessive anticoagulation and the risk of bleeding. Monitoring aPTT is crucial in adjusting heparin therapy to maintain it within the therapeutic range.
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