ATI RN
ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam
1. When educating a parent of an infant with a new prescription for digoxin, which instruction should the nurse provide?
- A. Repeat the dose if the infant vomits.
- B. Mix the medication with food.
- C. Give the medication with meals.
- D. Monitor the infant's heart rate prior to administering the medication.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Monitor the infant's heart rate prior to administering the medication.' It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the infant's heart rate before giving digoxin to identify any signs of digoxin toxicity early. Heart rate assessment helps in detecting and preventing potential complications associated with digoxin use. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Repeating the dose if the infant vomits can lead to overdose, mixing the medication with food may alter its absorption, and giving the medication with meals can affect its effectiveness. Therefore, the priority is to monitor the infant's heart rate to ensure safe administration of digoxin.
2. A young child admitted to the pediatric unit has fever, irritability, and vomiting with suspected bacterial meningitis. Which cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) result should the nurse anticipate based on these data?
- A. Decreased protein count
- B. Clear, straw-colored fluid
- C. Positive for red blood cells (RBCs)
- D. Decreased glucose level
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In bacterial meningitis, the glucose level in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is typically decreased due to the increased utilization of glucose by the infecting bacteria. This metabolic change leads to a decrease in CSF glucose levels, making choice D the correct answer in this scenario. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because bacterial meningitis usually results in an increased protein count, cloudy appearance of the CSF due to the presence of bacteria, and absence of red blood cells (RBCs) in the CSF unless there is a traumatic tap, respectively.
3. A healthcare professional is assessing an infant who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Bounding pulses
- C. Hyperactivity
- D. Increased urine output
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In infants with heart failure, one of the key manifestations is weight gain due to fluid retention. The heart's inability to pump effectively can lead to fluid buildup in the body, causing weight gain. Bounding pulses, hyperactivity, and increased urine output are not typically associated with heart failure in infants. Bounding pulses are associated with conditions like aortic regurgitation, hyperactivity can be a sign of other issues, and increased urine output is not a common finding in heart failure.
4. Which physical assessment technique should be omitted when caring for a 2-year-old child diagnosed with Wilms' tumor?
- A. Performing range-of-motion exercises on lower extremities
- B. Palpating the abdomen
- C. Assessing for bowel sounds
- D. Percussing ankle and knee reflexes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Palpating the abdomen should be omitted when caring for a 2-year-old child diagnosed with Wilms' tumor because it could disturb the tumor and potentially cause the malignancy to spread. The other assessment techniques are safe to perform and provide valuable information about the child's condition. Range-of-motion exercises help assess mobility and joint health, assessing for bowel sounds is important to monitor gastrointestinal function, and percussing ankle and knee reflexes can help evaluate neurological responses.
5. Which level nursery classifications are housed in institutions that can provide on-site surgical repair of serious congenital or acquired malformations?
- A. Level III
- B. Level I
- C. Level IV
- D. Level II
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Level IV. Level IV nurseries are equipped to provide the highest level of care, including complex surgical interventions for serious congenital or acquired malformations. These nurseries have the necessary resources and expertise to manage critical cases effectively. Choice A: Level III nurseries provide advanced care for moderately ill newborns but may not have the capacity for on-site surgical repair of serious malformations. Choice B: Level I nurseries offer basic care for healthy newborns and those with minor issues, lacking the resources for surgical interventions. Choice D: Level II nurseries can manage moderately ill newborns but may not have the capability for complex surgical interventions like Level IV nurseries.
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