ATI RN

1. A client has approached the nurse asking for advice on how to deal with his alcohol addiction. The nurse should tell the client that the only effective treatment for alcoholism is:

• A. psychotherapy.
• B. total abstinence.
• C. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA).
• D. aversion therapy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: total abstinence. Total abstinence from alcohol is considered the most effective treatment for alcoholism. This approach eliminates the risk of relapse and helps individuals maintain sobriety. While psychotherapy can be beneficial in addressing underlying issues, total abstinence is crucial. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a supportive group but not the only effective treatment. Aversion therapy involves creating a negative association with alcohol but may not address the root cause of addiction, making total abstinence a more comprehensive approach.

2. Nurse Isabelle enters the room of a client with a cognitive impairment disorder and asks what day of the week it is; what the date, month, and year are; and where the client is. The nurse is attempting to assess:

• A. confabulation.
• B. delirium.
• C. orientation.
• D. perseveration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Orientation is assessed by asking questions related to time, place, and person.

3. A student nurse was asked which of the following best describes dementia. Which of the following best describes the condition?

• A. Memory loss occurring as part of the natural consequence of aging
• B. Difficulty coping with physical and psychological change
• C. Severe cognitive impairment that occurs rapidly
• D. Loss of cognitive abilities, impairing ability to perform activities of daily living

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dementia is characterized by a loss of cognitive abilities affecting daily living activities.

4. Which of the following will Nurse Dory use when communicating with a client who has cognitive impairment.

• A. Complete explanations with multiple details
• B. Pictures or gestures instead of words
• C. Stimulating words and phrases to capture the client’s attention
• D. Short words and simple sentences

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Using short words and simple sentences helps improve communication with cognitively impaired clients.

5. Mrs. Mendoza is a 75-year-old client who has dementia of the Alzheimer’s type and confabulates. The nurse understands that this client:

• A. Denies confusion by being jovial.
• B. Pretends to be someone else.
• C. Rationalizes various behaviors.
• D. fills in memory gaps with fantasy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Confabulation involves filling memory gaps with fabricated stories.