ATI RN
ATI Pathophysiology Exam 3
1. Interpret the following arterial blood gas results: PH = 7.30; PaCO2 = 55 mmHg; HCO3 = 24 mEq/L
- A. Respiratory acidosis
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Respiratory alkalosis
- D. Metabolic alkalosis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory acidosis. In respiratory acidosis, there is an accumulation of CO2 in the blood, leading to a decrease in pH. The elevated PaCO2 of 55 mmHg in the given results indicates hypoventilation, causing respiratory acidosis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the provided data does not show metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, or metabolic alkalosis.
2. What interventions should be implemented to maintain the skin integrity of a preterm infant born at 30 weeks?
- A. Avoid cleaning the skin
- B. Bathe the infant with sterile water
- C. Cleanse the skin with a gentle alkaline-based soap and water
- D. Thoroughly rinse the skin with plain water after bathing
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention to maintain the skin integrity of a preterm infant born at 30 weeks is to bathe the infant with sterile water. Bathing with sterile water or a neutral pH solution is recommended to protect the delicate skin of preterm infants, which is more permeable and prone to damage. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as avoiding cleaning the skin may lead to hygiene issues, cleansing with alkaline-based soap can be harsh on the delicate skin, and thoroughly rinsing with plain water after bathing may not be as gentle and protective for preterm infants.
3. Knowing the different modes of communication used by men and women is important for the nurse manager. Which of the following is a difference in communication in unpleasant situations?
- A. Men tend to talk more, and women withdraw.
- B. Men tend to use tag questions.
- C. Women disagree more.
- D. Women talk longer and faster, men disclose more.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In unpleasant situations, men tend to talk more, while women tend to withdraw. Women are more likely to use tag questions and disclose more. Men, on the other hand, tend to talk longer and may be more inclined to disagree. Therefore, option A is the most accurate choice that highlights a difference in communication styles between men and women in unpleasant situations.
4. A nurse is providing discharge teaching about food choices to a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse identify as the best source of potassium?
- A. 1 cup grapes
- B. 1 cup shredded lettuce
- C. 1 cup cooked tomatoes
- D. 1 cup apple slices
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Cooked tomatoes are high in potassium, which is crucial for maintaining normal cell function, nerve transmission, and muscle contraction, making them suitable for addressing hypokalemia.
5. A client has a new prescription for Adalimumab for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Based on the route of administration of Adalimumab, which of the following should the nurse plan to monitor?
- A. The vein for thrombophlebitis during IV administration.
- B. The subcutaneous site for redness following injection.
- C. The oral mucosa for ulceration after oral administration.
- D. The skin for irritation following removal of a transdermal patch.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Adalimumab is administered subcutaneously. Injection-site redness and swelling are common adverse effects. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the subcutaneous site for redness following the injection to assess for any potential issues or reactions.
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