ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B
1. What is the therapeutic intervention that provides the best chance of survival for a child with cirrhosis?
- A. Nutritional support
- B. Liver transplantation
- C. Blood component therapy
- D. Treatment with corticosteroids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Liver transplantation offers the best chance of survival for children with cirrhosis, especially in advanced stages where the liver can no longer function effectively. Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism. While nutritional support, blood component therapy, and corticosteroids may be part of the treatment plan to manage symptoms and complications, they do not address the underlying cause of cirrhosis or provide a cure like liver transplantation does.
2. Which of the following is a key feature of autism spectrum disorder?
- A. Delayed speech development
- B. Hyperactivity
- C. Lack of interest in toys
- D. Aggressive behavior
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Delayed speech development is a significant feature of autism spectrum disorder. Many children with autism exhibit delays in speech and language development, which can be one of the early signs of the condition. Hyperactivity, lack of interest in toys, and aggressive behavior are not key defining features of autism spectrum disorder. While some individuals with autism may exhibit these behaviors, they are not universally characteristic of the disorder.
3. The nurse is assisting a child with celiac disease to select foods from a menu. What foods should the nurse suggest?
- A. Hamburger patty with no bun
- B. Spaghetti with marinara sauce
- C. Corn on the cob with butter
- D. Rice cakes with hummus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Corn on the cob with butter. Corn is a gluten-free option suitable for children with celiac disease. Choice A is incorrect because the bun contains gluten, so suggesting a hamburger patty without the bun is a better option. Choice B is not ideal as spaghetti often contains gluten, but spaghetti with marinara sauce could be a safer choice if the spaghetti is gluten-free. Choice D, rice cakes with hummus, is a gluten-free alternative, but corn on the cob is a more straightforward and common choice for children.
4. What is the first-line treatment for a febrile seizure in a child?
- A. Antipyretics
- B. Anticonvulsants
- C. Cooling blankets
- D. IV fluids
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Antipyretics. Febrile seizures in children are usually associated with fever. The first-line treatment aims to reduce fever, which can help prevent febrile seizures. Antipyretics like acetaminophen or ibuprofen are commonly used for this purpose. Anticonvulsants, while used for treating seizures, are not typically the first-line treatment for febrile seizures as they are usually self-limited and resolve on their own. Cooling blankets can be used to lower body temperature in cases of hyperthermia but are not the primary treatment for febrile seizures. IV fluids may be administered in cases of dehydration due to fever or if the child cannot tolerate oral intake, but they are not the first-line treatment for febrile seizures.
5. The nurse is preparing to admit a 6-year-old child with celiac disease. What clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe?
- A. Steatorrhea
- B. All are correct
- C. Malnutrition
- D. Foul-smelling stools
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Celiac disease often presents with steatorrhea, malnutrition, and foul-smelling stools due to the malabsorption of nutrients. Therefore, all the manifestations listed (steatorrhea, malnutrition, foul-smelling stools) are expected in a child with celiac disease. Polycythemia is not associated with celiac disease, making choice B the correct answer.
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