ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Quizlet
1. A nurse is monitoring a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of appendicitis. The client is scheduled for surgery in 2 hours. The client begins to complain of increased abdominal pain and begins to vomit. On assessment the nurse notes that the abdomen is distended and the bowel sounds are diminished. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Administer dilaudid
- B. Notify the physician
- C. Call and ask the operating room team to perform the surgery as soon as possible
- D. Reposition the client and apply a heating pad on a warm setting to the client’s abdomen.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The symptoms suggest possible perforation or peritonitis, which are serious complications requiring immediate medical attention. The nurse should promptly notify the physician.
2. A client has just had surgery for colon cancer. Which of the following disorders might the client develop?
- A. Peritonitis
- B. Diverticulosis
- C. Partial bowel obstruction
- D. Complete bowel obstruction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: After surgery for colon cancer, the client may develop a partial bowel obstruction.
3. Care for the postoperative client after gastric resection should focus on which of the following problems?
- A. Body image
- B. Nutritional needs
- C. Skin care
- D. Spiritual needs
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Postoperative care after gastric resection should focus on the client's nutritional needs to ensure proper healing and recovery.
4. Which of the following substances is most likely to cause gastritis?
- A. Milk
- B. Bicarbonate of soda or baking soda
- C. Enteric-coated aspirin
- D. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs are known to cause gastritis by irritating the stomach lining. Choice A, Milk, is unlikely to cause gastritis and is actually a common remedy for mild gastritis symptoms. Choice B, Bicarbonate of soda or baking soda, is often used to relieve heartburn and indigestion, not cause gastritis. Choice C, Enteric-coated aspirin, is less likely to cause gastritis compared to NSAIDs because the enteric coating helps protect the stomach lining from irritation.
5. Which of the following treatments is used for rectal cancer but not for colon cancer?
- A. Chemotherapy
- B. Colonoscopy
- C. Radiation
- D. Surgical resection
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Radiation therapy is commonly used for rectal cancer to shrink the tumor before surgery, which is not typically done for colon cancer.
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