ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Proctored Exam 2023 Test Bank
1. Monosaccharides are converted into glucose in the liver to provide an energy supply to the cells.
- A. Both statements are true
- B. Both statements are false
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Both statements are true. Monosaccharides are indeed converted into glucose in the liver. Glucose, in turn, serves as a primary energy source for cells in the body, providing the necessary fuel for various cellular functions. The liver plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels by converting monosaccharides into glucose and releasing it into the bloodstream when needed. Therefore, option A is the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because both statements are accurate in this context.
2. What condition has been shown to be associated with esophageal dysphagia?
- A. myasthenia gravis
- B. achalasia
- C. Alzheimer's disease
- D. cerebral palsy
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Achalasia is the correct answer. It is a condition characterized by the esophagus having difficulty moving food toward the stomach, resulting in dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Myasthenia gravis (Choice A) is a neuromuscular disorder that affects skeletal muscles, not the esophagus. Alzheimer's disease (Choice C) primarily affects cognitive function, not the esophagus. Cerebral palsy (Choice D) is a neurological disorder affecting body movement and muscle coordination, unrelated to esophageal dysphagia.
3. Which test is used to monitor the degree of blood glucose control over a long period?
- A. Glucose tolerance test
- B. Glycated hemoglobin level
- C. Self-monitoring of blood glucose
- D. 24-hour urinary glucose excretion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, glycated hemoglobin level. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test measures the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months, providing a long-term picture of glucose control. Choice A, the glucose tolerance test, measures how well your body processes glucose but is not specifically for long-term monitoring. Choice C, self-monitoring of blood glucose, involves daily testing by individuals, providing immediate rather than long-term information. Choice D, 24-hour urinary glucose excretion, measures the amount of glucose excreted in the urine over 24 hours and is not typically used for long-term monitoring of blood glucose control.
4. High intakes of which of the following interfere with copper absorption and can lead to a deficiency?
- A. chromium
- B. sodium
- C. zinc
- D. manganese
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, zinc. High intakes of zinc can interfere with copper absorption, potentially leading to copper deficiency. Copper is essential for various bodily functions, including iron metabolism. Choice A, chromium, is incorrect because chromium does not interfere with copper absorption. Choice B, sodium, and Choice D, manganese, are also incorrect as they do not interfere with copper absorption.
5. Which vitamin's recommended dietary allowance (RDA) is significantly increased during pregnancy?
- A. Folate
- B. Thiamine (B1)
- C. Riboflavin (B2)
- D. Niacin (B3)
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Folate. During pregnancy, the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for folate is significantly increased to support fetal development and prevent neural tube defects and other congenital anomalies. Folate plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and cell growth, making it essential for the rapidly dividing cells of the developing fetus. Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), and Niacin (B3) are important vitamins, but their RDAs do not undergo as significant an increase during pregnancy as folate's RDA does.
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