ATI RN
Exam 4 Psychology
1. In __, the individual can't recall everything about a certain period of time.
- A. Systematized amnesia
- B. Selective amnesia
- C. Collective amnesia
- D. Localized amnesia
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Localized amnesia refers to the inability to recall all events during a specific period of time. This type of amnesia is characterized by the loss of memories related to a particular incident or period, while other memories remain intact. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they refer to different types of amnesia. Systematized amnesia is a term used to describe a selective loss of memory related to a specific category of information or knowledge. Selective amnesia involves the conscious or unconscious blocking out of specific memories, often due to psychological reasons. Collective amnesia pertains to a lack of shared memory or historical awareness within a group or society.
2. With which of the following statements would a behaviorist agree?
- A. Conscious experiences can be studied in an objective, precise way.
- B. In order to understand behavior, one must understand the motives behind the behavior.
- C. Behavior can only be explained in terms of phenomenology, that is, an individual's interpretation of experience.
- D. Psychology should be the science of behavior that can be observed by others.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Behaviorists argue that psychology should focus on observable behavior that can be studied objectively. Choice A is incorrect because behaviorists do not typically focus on conscious experiences, as they are not directly observable. Choice B is incorrect because behaviorists emphasize that behavior can be understood without delving into internal motives. Choice C is incorrect as behaviorists do not exclusively explain behavior through an individual's interpretation of experience; they focus on observable actions and reactions.
3. How did philosopher John Locke characterize the mind of a child?
- A. Innately good
- B. Conscientiousness
- C. Superego-ideal
- D. A blank slate
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Philosopher John Locke characterized the mind of a child as a 'blank slate,' indicating that it is devoid of innate ideas or characteristics. This concept suggests that a child's mind is shaped and developed through experiences and learning rather than having inherent qualities. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as Locke did not view the mind of a child as innately good, conscientious, or associated with the superego-ideal. Instead, he believed that individuals are born without built-in mental content, emphasizing the importance of environmental influences on cognitive development.
4. Who founded functionalism?
- A. John Watson.
- B. Sigmund Freud.
- C. William James.
- D. Wilhelm Wundt.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: William James is credited with founding functionalism, which emphasizes the adaptive purpose of consciousness. John Watson is associated with behaviorism, not functionalism. Sigmund Freud is known for psychoanalysis, and Wilhelm Wundt is considered the founder of modern psychology and structuralism, not functionalism.
5. In defining a mental disorder, deviance refers to?
- A. Amount of suffering the individual is experiencing due to the mental disorder
- B. Inability of an individual to fulfill a certain role (e.g., work or family obligation)
- C. The capacity of the individual to cause harm to the people around them
- D. The tendency of an individual to display behaviors that are culturally unexpected
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In defining a mental disorder, deviance refers to behavior that is culturally unexpected or violates social norms. This means that the individual displays behaviors that are not typical or acceptable within their specific culture or society. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the concept of deviance in the context of defining a mental disorder. The amount of suffering, inability to fulfill a role, or capacity to cause harm are important considerations in understanding mental disorders but are not specifically related to deviance.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99