ATI RN
Exam 4 Psychology
1. One key issue in the study of human development is the continuity-discontinuity issue. The discontinuity side posits that development is characterized by change in type or kind. These are known as ____.
- A. Qualitative change
- B. Quantitative change
- C. Maturation
- D. Multidirectional development
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Qualitative change. Qualitative change aligns with the discontinuity view by involving changes in type or kind. This contrasts with quantitative change (B), which is about changes in amount or quantity. Maturation (C) refers to the process of becoming fully developed in a particular way, and multidirectional development (D) emphasizes that development involves both gains and losses, not specifically focusing on changes in type or kind.
2. Who founded functionalism?
- A. John Watson.
- B. Sigmund Freud.
- C. William James.
- D. Wilhelm Wundt.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: William James is credited with founding functionalism, which emphasizes the adaptive purpose of consciousness. John Watson is associated with behaviorism, not functionalism. Sigmund Freud is known for psychoanalysis, and Wilhelm Wundt is considered the founder of modern psychology and structuralism, not functionalism.
3. Franklin wakes up in a homeless shelter in another town. He doesn't know where he is or how he got there, and he's confused when people say he has been calling himself Anthony. This is most likely an episode of dissociative?
- A. Amnesia
- B. Dissociative fugue
- C. Wandering
- D. Flight of ideas
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Dissociative fugue. In the scenario described, Franklin experiencing memory loss, travel to another town, assuming a new identity (calling himself Anthony) aligns with dissociative fugue. Amnesia (Choice A) involves memory loss without the additional aspects of travel and assuming a new identity. Wandering (Choice C) is vague and does not encompass the complete set of symptoms described. Flight of ideas (Choice D) is a symptom of conditions like mania, not dissociative disorders.
4. a researcher found that there is a negative relationship between perceived parental perfectionism and life satisfaction. what does this mean?
- A. Respondents who reported higher levels of perceived parental perfectionism are more likely to report higher levels of life satisfaction
- B. Respondents who reported higher levels of perceived parental perfectionism are more likely to report lower levels of life satisfaction
- C. Perceived parental perfectionism causes a decline in life satisfaction
- D. Any of the above is correct
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A negative relationship means that as one variable increases, the other decreases, so higher perceived parental perfectionism is associated with lower life satisfaction.
5. According to the diathesis-stress model, having a predisposition towards mental illness...
- A. Means that a person will surely develop a mental disorder in the future
- B. Does not affect the chances of developing a mental disorder
- C. Increases the chance that a person would have a mental disorder
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: C
Rationale: According to the diathesis-stress model, having a predisposition towards mental illness increases the risk but does not guarantee the development of a mental disorder. Choice A is incorrect as the model does not imply certainty. Choice B is incorrect as having a predisposition does affect the chances. Choice D is incorrect as the model does have an impact on the likelihood of developing a mental disorder.
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