ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN
1. A 7-year-old has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Chest physiotherapy has been ordered. What information should the nurse give to the parents regarding when chest physiotherapy is done?
- A. Before aerosol treatment
- B. After suctioning
- C. Before postural drainage
- D. Before meals
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Before meals'. Chest physiotherapy should be performed before meals to reduce the risk of vomiting and to ensure that the airways are clear for effective nutrition. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chest physiotherapy is ideally done before meals to optimize its benefits and avoid complications associated with timing.
2. A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show?
- A. Bacteriuria and hematuria
- B. Hematuria and proteinuria
- C. Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity
- D. Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (protein in the urine) are common findings in acute glomerulonephritis due to inflammation of the glomeruli. Bacteriuria and changes in specific gravity are not as directly associated with this condition.
3. What are signs and symptoms of a possible kidney transplant rejection in a child? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Fever
- B. Hypotension
- C. All are applicable
- D. Swelling and tenderness of graft area
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Signs of kidney transplant rejection include fever, diminished urinary output, and swelling/tenderness in the graft area. These symptoms indicate that the body may be rejecting the transplanted organ, requiring immediate medical attention.
4. Parents of a newborn with ambiguous genitalia want to know how long they will have to wait to know whether they have a boy or a girl. The nurse answers the parents based on what knowledge?
- A. Chromosome analysis will be complete in 7 days.
- B. A physical examination will be able to provide a definitive answer.
- C. Additional laboratory testing is necessary to assign the correct gender.
- D. Gender assignment involves collaboration between the parents and a multidisciplinary team.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Gender assignment in cases of ambiguous genitalia is a complex process that requires a multidisciplinary approach, including genetic, endocrinological, and psychological evaluations. The decision should be made collaboratively with the parents.
5. The nurse is planning an educational session with a group of school-age children. Which primary task from Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development should be addressed?
- A. Establishing trust in others
- B. Developing a sense of autonomy
- C. Developing a sense of industry
- D. Establishing a sense of identity
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, school-age children typically focus on developing a sense of industry. This stage, occurring during middle childhood, involves the desire to feel competent and productive in their skills and abilities. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because establishing trust in others (A) is related to the first stage of Erikson's theory (trust vs. mistrust) which occurs in infancy, developing a sense of autonomy (B) is linked to the second stage (autonomy vs. shame and doubt) which occurs in early childhood, and establishing a sense of identity (D) is associated with the fifth stage (identity vs. role confusion) which occurs in adolescence.
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