ATI RN
ATI RN Exit Exam 2023
1. A client with preeclampsia and postpartum hemorrhage is being cared for by a nurse. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications is contraindicated?
- A. Methylergonovine
- B. Misoprostol
- C. Dinoprostone
- D. Oxytocin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Methylergonovine. Methylergonovine is contraindicated in clients with preeclampsia due to the risk of hypertension. Misoprostol (choice B), Dinoprostone (choice C), and Oxytocin (choice D) are appropriate medications for managing postpartum hemorrhage and are not contraindicated in clients with preeclampsia.
2. A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Lie down after meals to reduce discomfort.
- B. Limit fluid intake to 1 liter per day.
- C. Avoid eating spicy foods.
- D. Eat three large meals each day.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Avoid eating spicy foods.' Spicy foods can exacerbate symptoms of GERD by irritating the esophagus and causing discomfort. It is important for clients with GERD to avoid spicy foods to help manage their condition. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. A client with GERD should not lie down after meals as this can worsen symptoms, limiting fluid intake to only 1 liter per day may not be appropriate for everyone, and eating three large meals each day can put pressure on the stomach and worsen GERD symptoms.
3. A client is receiving discharge teaching regarding a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I will eat more leafy green vegetables while taking warfarin.
- B. I will have my INR checked regularly while taking warfarin.
- C. I will avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking warfarin.
- D. I will use a soft toothbrush while taking warfarin.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Clients taking warfarin should avoid leafy green vegetables as they are high in vitamin K, which can reduce the effectiveness of the medication. Therefore, the statement 'I will eat more leafy green vegetables while taking warfarin' indicates a need for further teaching. Choice B is correct as regular monitoring of INR levels is necessary for clients on warfarin. Choice C is correct as grapefruit juice can interact with warfarin and should be avoided. Choice D is correct as using a soft toothbrush is recommended to prevent gum bleeding while on warfarin.
4. How should pain be assessed in a non-verbal patient?
- A. Observe facial expressions
- B. Use the Wong-Baker faces scale
- C. Assess heart rate
- D. Ask the patient to rate their pain
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Observing facial expressions is essential in assessing pain levels in non-verbal patients. Non-verbal cues, such as facial grimacing, furrowed brows, or clenched jaws, can provide valuable information about the patient's pain experience. Using the Wong-Baker faces scale or assessing heart rate may not be as effective in non-verbal patients as they are unable to communicate their pain through these methods. Asking the patient to rate their pain is also not suitable for non-verbal patients as they may not have the ability to verbally communicate their pain levels.
5. What is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with confusion post-surgery?
- A. Administer oxygen
- B. Reposition the patient
- C. Administer IV fluids
- D. Perform a neurological assessment
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering oxygen is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with confusion post-surgery because it helps alleviate confusion caused by potential hypoxia. In a post-surgical setting, confusion can be a sign of decreased oxygen levels in the blood due to various reasons such as respiratory depression, decreased lung function, or other complications. Administering oxygen can quickly address hypoxia, improving oxygenation to the brain and reducing confusion. Repositioning the patient, administering IV fluids, or performing a neurological assessment are not the primary interventions for confusion related to hypoxia post-surgery.
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