ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment Form A
1. A nurse is assessing a client with diabetes who reports frequent episodes of hypoglycemia. What should the nurse recommend to prevent these episodes?
- A. Increase protein intake
- B. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently
- C. Increase the dose of insulin
- D. Reduce carbohydrate intake
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct recommendation to prevent hypoglycemic episodes in a client with diabetes who reports frequent episodes is to monitor blood glucose levels frequently. By monitoring blood glucose levels, the nurse can make necessary adjustments to insulin dosage and diet to maintain blood sugar levels within the target range. Increasing protein intake (Choice A) is not directly related to preventing hypoglycemia; it is more important to focus on balancing carbohydrates and insulin. Increasing the dose of insulin (Choice C) without proper monitoring can lead to further hypoglycemic episodes. Similarly, reducing carbohydrate intake (Choice D) should be done cautiously as carbohydrates are a main source of energy and sudden reduction can cause hypoglycemia in diabetic patients.
2. A client reports difficulty sleeping while in the hospital. Which of the following actions taken by the assistive personnel (AP) while the client is sleeping should prompt the nurse to intervene?
- A. Closes the door to the client's room
- B. Flushes the client's toilet after emptying the urinary catheter's drainage bag
- C. Measures the client's vital signs routinely
- D. Asks a group of personnel in the hall to speak quietly
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because flushing the client's toilet after emptying the urinary catheter's drainage bag could disturb the client's rest. The nurse should intervene to ensure a restful environment for the client. Choices A, C, and D are not actions that would be disruptive to the client's sleep. Closing the door to the client's room, measuring vital signs routinely, and asking personnel in the hall to speak quietly are appropriate actions that do not directly disturb the client's rest.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient postoperatively after a thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should be reported immediately?
- A. Hoarseness
- B. Difficulty swallowing
- C. Numbness in the fingers
- D. Tingling around the mouth
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Tingling around the mouth should be reported immediately as it may indicate hypocalcemia, a serious complication resulting from accidental removal or damage to the parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy. Hoarseness and difficulty swallowing are common post-thyroidectomy symptoms related to the surgery itself and the manipulation of the vocal cords and nearby structures. Numbness in the fingers is not typically associated with immediate serious complications of a thyroidectomy.
4. A client with HIV-1 starting therapy with ritonavir and zidovudine asks why both medications are necessary. What explanation should the nurse provide?
- A. Taking two medications ensures a faster recovery.
- B. The medications work best together to improve your immune system.
- C. Taking the 2 medications together keeps you from becoming resistant to either of them.
- D. These medications target different parts of the virus.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because taking two medications together helps prevent the development of drug resistance in HIV treatment. Choice A is incorrect because the primary goal of combination therapy is not necessarily a faster recovery. Choice B is incorrect as the main purpose of combining medications in HIV treatment is to prevent resistance rather than improving the immune system. Choice D is incorrect because while it is true that the medications may target different parts of the virus, the main reason for using both together is to prevent resistance.
5. A nurse is caring for a child who is allergic to penicillin. The nurse should verify which of the following prescriptions with the provider?
- A. Amphotericin B
- B. Amoxicillin-clavulanate
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Gentamicin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Amoxicillin-clavulanate is related to penicillin, and a cross-sensitivity could occur, so the provider should be consulted.
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