ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive a mechanically altered diet. Which of the following client food choices necessitates intervention by the nurse?
- A. Scrambled eggs
- B. Cottage cheese
- C. Piece of wheat toast
- D. Sliced banana
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Sliced banana.' A mechanically altered diet is designed for clients who have difficulty chewing or swallowing. Sliced bananas, due to their texture and potential choking hazard for clients with swallowing difficulties, would necessitate intervention by the nurse. Scrambled eggs, cottage cheese, and a piece of wheat toast are softer and safer options for clients on a mechanically altered diet, making them appropriate choices.
2. A nurse is developing a program about strategies to prevent foodborne illnesses for a community group. The nurse should plan to include which of the following recommendations? (Select one that does not apply).
- A. Keep cold food temperatures below 4.4�C (40�F).
- B. Reheat leftovers before eating.
- C. Wash raw vegetables thoroughly in clean water.
- D. Keep cooked foods at 48.9�C (120�F).
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to keep cooked foods at 48.9�C (120�F). This temperature is too low to keep cooked foods safe from bacterial growth. The ideal temperature to keep cooked foods safe is above 60�C (140�F). Choices A, B, and C are all important strategies to prevent foodborne illnesses. Keeping cold food temperatures below 4.4�C (40�F) helps prevent bacterial growth, reheating leftovers before eating kills any bacteria that may have grown during storage, and washing raw vegetables thoroughly in clean water helps remove dirt and bacteria.
3. A nurse is instructing a group of clients regarding calcium-rich foods. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the teaching as the best source of calcium?
- A. 1?2 cup ice cream
- B. 1 ounce Swiss cheese
- C. 1 cup milk
- D. 1 cup cottage cheese
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Cottage cheese is the best source of calcium among the options provided. It is rich in calcium and provides a significant amount per serving. 1 cup of cottage cheese contains more calcium compared to 1?2 cup of ice cream, 1 ounce of Swiss cheese, or 1 cup of milk. Ice cream is not a significant source of calcium and is often high in sugar and fat. Swiss cheese and milk contain calcium, but cottage cheese has a higher calcium content per serving, making it the best choice for meeting calcium needs.
4. A nurse is providing teaching to a client with gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I should elevate the head of my bed while sleeping.
- B. I drink no more than 4 cups of coffee a day.
- C. I take my time when I am eating.
- D. I avoid foods and drinks made with chocolate.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'I drink no more than 4 cups of coffee a day.' Excessive coffee consumption can aggravate gastroesophageal reflux due to its acidic nature. Choices A, C, and D are all appropriate self-care measures for managing gastroesophageal reflux. Elevating the head of the bed while sleeping helps prevent acid reflux, eating slowly can reduce reflux episodes, and avoiding trigger foods like chocolate can help alleviate symptoms.
5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has a burn injury and adheres to a vegan diet. The nurse should recommend which of the following foods as the best source of protein to promote wound healing?
- A. One cup of brown rice
- B. One cup of orange juice
- C. One cup of pureed avocado
- D. One cup of lentils
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Lentils are an excellent source of plant-based protein, essential for wound healing in a vegan diet. Brown rice, orange juice, and pureed avocado are not protein-rich foods like lentils and would not provide sufficient protein for wound healing in this scenario.
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