ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition and eating foods high in iron. The nurse should include that which of the following aids in the absorption of iron?
- A. Fiber
- B. Vitamin A
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Oxalates
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin C aids in the absorption of iron by enhancing the body's ability to absorb non-heme iron, which is found in plant-based foods. This vitamin helps convert iron into a form that is more easily absorbed in the intestines. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because fiber, Vitamin A, and oxalates can actually inhibit the absorption of iron. Fiber can bind to iron and reduce its absorption, Vitamin A does not directly enhance iron absorption, and oxalates found in some foods like spinach and rhubarb can also hinder iron absorption.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive a mechanically altered diet. Which of the following client food choices necessitates intervention by the nurse?
- A. Scrambled eggs
- B. Cottage cheese
- C. Piece of wheat toast
- D. Sliced banana
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Sliced banana.' A mechanically altered diet is designed for clients who have difficulty chewing or swallowing. Sliced bananas, due to their texture and potential choking hazard for clients with swallowing difficulties, would necessitate intervention by the nurse. Scrambled eggs, cottage cheese, and a piece of wheat toast are softer and safer options for clients on a mechanically altered diet, making them appropriate choices.
3. A nurse is providing teaching to a group of parents of newborns who are planning to formula feed. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. "I will give formula to my baby at room temperature."
- B. "I will ensure my baby's feeds last 10 to 15 minutes."
- C. "I will burp my baby halfway through each feeding."
- D. "I will watch for signs my baby is full and stop the feeding."
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is, "I will ensure my baby's feeds last 10 to 15 minutes." This statement indicates a need for further teaching because it suggests a strict time limit for feedings, which may not be appropriate for a newborn. Newborns should be allowed to feed as long as they want, typically around 20-30 minutes per breast if breastfeeding, or on-demand with formula. Choices A, C, and D demonstrate proper feeding practices such as feeding at room temperature, burping halfway through each feeding, and watching for signs of fullness to stop the feeding, which are all appropriate responses by a parent of a formula-fed newborn.
4. A nurse at a health fair is assessing the weight status of four clients. Which of the following clients is classified as overweight?
- A. A female client who has a body mass index of 24
- B. A male client who has a body mass index of 29
- C. A female client who has a waist circumference of 101.6 cm (40 in)
- D. A male client who has a waist circumference of 96.52 cm (38 in)
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A body mass index (BMI) of 25 or higher is classified as overweight. Choice B, a male client with a BMI of 29, falls into the overweight category. Choice A, a female client with a BMI of 24, is within the normal range. Choices C and D provide information on waist circumference, which is not sufficient to determine if a client is overweight or not, as waist circumference alone does not provide the overall picture of weight status compared to BMI.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a low-sodium diet. The client's family has requested to bring in some of the client's favorite foods. Which of the following food items should the nurse tell the family members to omit?
- A. Boiled rice
- B. Flat bread
- C. Broiled fish fillet
- D. Pickled vegetables
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Pickled vegetables.' Pickled vegetables are high in sodium due to the pickling process, making them unsuitable for a low-sodium diet. Boiled rice, flat bread, and broiled fish fillet are generally lower in sodium compared to pickled vegetables and can be included in a low-sodium diet. Therefore, the nurse should advise the family to omit pickled vegetables to adhere to the client's dietary restrictions.
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