ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A client with a large lower-leg ulcer needs protein for wound healing. Which of the following foods should the nurse suggest?
- A. Kidney beans
- B. Grilled salmon
- C. Peanut butter
- D. Raw spinach
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Grilled salmon is the best choice for providing high-quality protein for wound healing. Salmon is rich in essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin D, which can help promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation. Kidney beans, peanut butter, and raw spinach are good protein sources but do not offer the same level of high-quality protein and nutrients needed specifically for wound healing.
2. A client at risk for iron-deficiency anemia is being taught by a nurse about optimizing dietary intake of iron. The nurse should explain that which of the following sources of iron is easiest for the body to absorb?
- A. Spinach
- B. Cantaloupe
- C. Chicken
- D. Lentils
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Chicken.' Chicken contains heme iron, which is more easily absorbed by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based sources like spinach, cantaloupe, and lentils. Heme iron, as present in chicken, is more bioavailable and is better absorbed by the body, making it an excellent source of iron for individuals at risk of iron-deficiency anemia. Spinach, cantaloupe, and lentils contain non-heme iron, which is not as efficiently absorbed as heme iron.
3. A nurse is teaching a client who needs to increase their daily fluid intake. Which of the following foods has the highest percentage of water by weight?
- A. Yogurt
- B. Milk
- C. Lettuce
- D. Honey
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is Lettuce. Lettuce has the highest percentage of water by weight among the options provided, making it an excellent choice to increase fluid intake. Yogurt and milk have some water content but are not as high in water percentage as lettuce. Honey, on the other hand, contains very little water and is not a good choice for increasing fluid intake.
4. A nurse is planning to teach a client about a low-potassium diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Butter
- B. Poultry
- C. Yogurt
- D. Orange juice
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Orange juice is high in potassium and should be avoided in a low-potassium diet. Butter, poultry, and yogurt are low-potassium food choices and can be included in a low-potassium diet. Poultry is a good source of lean protein, yogurt is a good source of calcium and protein, and butter is low in potassium. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the client to avoid orange juice as it is high in potassium, which is not suitable for a low-potassium diet.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has malnutrition. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Increased vital capacity
- B. Dry skin
- C. Heat intolerance
- D. Decreased mental status
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Malnutrition can lead to a variety of physical and mental symptoms. One common manifestation of malnutrition is a decreased mental status, which includes confusion, lethargy, and cognitive impairment. Dry skin is a typical finding in malnutrition due to the lack of essential nutrients needed for skin health. Heat intolerance is not a direct consequence of malnutrition. While malnutrition can affect respiratory function, it typically leads to decreased vital capacity rather than increased. Therefore, the correct answer is decreased mental status.
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