ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A nurse is completing an admission assessment on an adolescent client who is a vegetarian. He eats milk products but does not like beans. Which of the following items should the nurse suggest the client order for lunch to provide the nutrients most likely to be lacking in his diet?
- A. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
- B. Baked potato topped with sour cream
- C. Bagel with cream cheese
- D. Fruit salad
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Fruit salad.' Since the adolescent client is a vegetarian who eats milk products but does not like beans, suggesting a fruit salad for lunch would provide essential nutrients like vitamins, minerals, and fiber that are commonly found in fruits. Fruit salad can help supplement the nutrients that may be lacking in his diet. Choices A, B, and C do not offer the same variety and quantity of nutrients as a fruit salad, making them less optimal choices for meeting the client's dietary needs.
2. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks a nurse for a sweetener recommendation. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make?
- A. Corn syrup
- B. Natural honey
- C. Nonnutritive sugar substitute
- D. Guava nectar
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct recommendation for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus looking for a sweetener is a nonnutritive sugar substitute. Nonnutritive sugar substitutes do not significantly affect blood glucose levels, making them a suitable option for individuals with diabetes. Corn syrup and natural honey are high in sugar and can lead to spikes in blood glucose levels, which is not ideal for someone with diabetes. Guava nectar, while natural, is also high in sugar content and not recommended for individuals with diabetes.
3. A client who underwent surgical placement of a colostomy is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the dietary teaching?
- A. "Eating yogurt can help decrease the amount of gas that I have."?
- B. "I should eliminate pasta from my diet so that I don't have as many loose stools."?
- C. "My largest meal of the day should be in the evening."?
- D. "Carbonated beverages can help control odor."?
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Carbonated beverages can help control odor in clients with colostomies. This is because carbonated drinks can help decrease odor by reducing the production of odoriferous compounds in the colon. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Eating yogurt may help regulate bowel movements but does not specifically address odor control associated with colostomies. Eliminating pasta from the diet to reduce loose stools is not necessary for colostomy care. The timing of the largest meal of the day is not directly related to dietary teaching for colostomy care.
4. A group of clients is being instructed by a nurse regarding nutrition. The teaching should state that which of the following groups of foods contains the highest level of carbohydrates?
- A. Milk, eggs, and cheese
- B. Butter, oils, and avocados
- C. Rice, potatoes, and oranges
- D. Chicken, green beans, and apples
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rice, potatoes, and oranges. These foods are rich in carbohydrates. Choice A (Milk, eggs, and cheese) contains minimal carbohydrates as they are primarily sources of protein and fat. Choice B (Butter, oils, and avocados) contains very little to no carbohydrates as they are high in fats. Choice D (Chicken, green beans, and apples) also contains minimal carbohydrates, with protein and fiber being more prominent in these foods.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who is well-hydrated and who demonstrates no evidence of anemia. Which of the following laboratory values gives the nurse an assessment of the adequacy of the client's protein uptake and synthesis?
- A. Albumin
- B. Calcium
- C. Sodium
- D. Potassium
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Albumin. Albumin is a protein made by the liver and is a key indicator of the body's protein status. Low levels of albumin can indicate inadequate protein intake or synthesis. Choices B, C, and D (Calcium, Sodium, and Potassium) are not direct indicators of protein uptake and synthesis. Calcium is related to bone health, Sodium to fluid balance, and Potassium to nerve and muscle function.
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