ATI RN
ATI Nutrition
1. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks a nurse for a sweetener recommendation. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make?
- A. Corn syrup
- B. Natural honey
- C. Nonnutritive sugar substitute
- D. Guava nectar
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct recommendation for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus looking for a sweetener is a nonnutritive sugar substitute. Nonnutritive sugar substitutes do not significantly affect blood glucose levels, making them a suitable option for individuals with diabetes. Corn syrup and natural honey are high in sugar and can lead to spikes in blood glucose levels, which is not ideal for someone with diabetes. Guava nectar, while natural, is also high in sugar content and not recommended for individuals with diabetes.
2. A client who is in her second trimester of pregnancy should increase her caloric intake by how many calories during this trimester?
- A. 110 cal/day
- B. 225 cal/day
- C. 340 cal/day
- D. 450 cal/day
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During the second trimester of pregnancy, it is recommended that a client increases their caloric intake by around 340 calories per day to support the growing needs of both the mother and the developing fetus. This additional intake helps ensure the proper nutrition and energy levels required during this crucial stage of pregnancy. Option A (110 cal/day) is too low to meet the increased demands. Option B (225 cal/day) is also below the recommended amount. Option D (450 cal/day) is higher than necessary and could lead to excessive weight gain, which is not ideal during pregnancy.
3. A nurse is caring for an 8-month-old infant who screams when the parent leaves the room. The parent begins to cry and says, 'I don't understand why my child is so upset. I've never seen my child act this way around others before.' Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
- A. This is a normal, expected reaction for a child of this age.
- B. This is a response to an overstimulating environment.
- C. This is a common reaction to an overexposure to caregivers.
- D. This is a typical reaction for a child who is sick.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'This is a normal, expected reaction for a child of this age.' Separation anxiety typically peaks around 8-10 months of age, leading to distress when separated from caregivers. Choice B is incorrect because the infant's behavior is more likely due to separation anxiety rather than overstimulation. Choice C is incorrect as the infant's behavior is not related to overexposure to caregivers but rather a natural developmental stage. Choice D is incorrect as the infant's behavior is not indicative of illness but rather a normal emotional response.
4. A nurse is caring for a client following a CVA and observes the client experiencing severe dysphagia. The nurse notifies the provider. Which of the following nutritional therapies will likely be prescribed?
- A. NPO until dysphagia subsides
- B. Supplements via nasogastric tube
- C. Initiation of total parenteral nutrition
- D. Soft residue diet
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the scenario of severe dysphagia following a CVA, the client may have difficulty swallowing and require alternative nutritional support. Providing supplements via a nasogastric tube allows for the delivery of essential nutrients directly into the stomach, bypassing the swallowing difficulties. NPO (nothing by mouth) until dysphagia subsides may be too restrictive for the client's nutritional needs. Initiation of total parenteral nutrition is usually reserved for cases where enteral feeding is not possible or contraindicated. A soft residue diet may not be suitable for a client experiencing severe dysphagia.
5. A client with a history of pancreatitis is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following food choices should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Noodles
- B. Vegetable Soup
- C. Baked Fish
- D. Cheddar cheese
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Patients with pancreatitis should avoid high-fat foods like cheddar cheese as they can exacerbate symptoms due to the organ's role in fat digestion. Noodles, vegetable soup, and baked fish are generally considered to be lower in fat content and are thus safer choices for individuals with pancreatitis.
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