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RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. What is an advantage of the ventrogluteal muscle as an injection site in young children?
- A. Easily accessible from many directions
- B. Free of significant nerves and vascular structures
- C. Can be used until the child reaches a weight of 9 kg (20 lb)
- D. Increased subcutaneous fat, which provides sustained drug absorption
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is free of significant nerves and vascular structures, making it a safer choice for intramuscular injections in young children compared to other sites that may be more prone to complications.
2. What is a clinical manifestation of acetaminophen poisoning?
- A. Hyperpyrexia
- B. Hepatic involvement
- C. Severe burning pain in stomach
- D. Drooling and inability to clear secretions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Acetaminophen poisoning primarily affects the liver, leading to hepatic involvement, which may present as jaundice, liver failure, or elevated liver enzymes. Hyperpyrexia, severe pain, and drooling are more associated with other types of poisoning.
3. What is known as providing families with information on normal growth and development and nurturing child-rearing practices before the child enters that stage of development?
- A. Holistic nursing
- B. Evidence-based practice
- C. Morbidity
- D. Anticipatory guidance
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Anticipatory guidance is the process of providing parents with information about expected developmental milestones and how to address common issues that may arise during different stages of their child's growth. This proactive approach helps parents prepare for and support their child's development. Holistic nursing (choice A) refers to a comprehensive and integrated approach to healthcare that considers the whole person. Evidence-based practice (choice B) involves making clinical decisions based on the best available evidence. Morbidity (choice C) refers to the prevalence of a disease in a population.
4. What amount of fluid loss occurs with moderate dehydration?
- A. <50 ml/kg
- B. 50 to 90 ml/kg
- C. <5% total body weight
- D. >15% total body weight
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Moderate dehydration is typically defined as a loss of 50 to 90 mL/kg of body weight. This amount reflects significant fluid loss that requires medical attention but is not yet severe.
5. The LPN is caring for a 1-month-old patient post-surgery. Which pain scale is expected to be used to evaluate post-op pain?
- A. Oucher
- B. Wong-Baker FACES
- C. FLACC
- D. 0-10 pain scale
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The FLACC (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability) scale is commonly used to assess pain in infants and young children who are unable to verbally communicate their pain. This scale is particularly useful in assessing post-operative pain in infants as it evaluates different behaviors and physiological responses to pain. The Oucher scale is more commonly used with children who are older and can provide self-report of pain intensity. Wong-Baker FACES scale is primarily used with children who are older and can indicate their pain level by pointing to facial expressions. The 0-10 pain scale is typically used with older children and adults who can rate their pain on a numerical scale.
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