ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A
1. A school-age child with cancer is being prepared for a procedure. The child says, “I have had one of these before. They hurt.” The nurse bases her response on what knowledge related to pain in this patient?
- A. Often misrepresent experiencing pain
- B. Tolerate pain better than adults
- C. Become accustomed to painful procedures
- D. Commonly experience treatment-related moderate to severe pain when they have cancer
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Pain is frequently reported by children with cancer, with around 84% experiencing it. Most children report moderate to severe pain, with about half finding it highly distressing. There is no evidence to suggest that children often misrepresent their pain experiences. Pain tolerance is not solely based on age but is a complex phenomenon. Children do not become accustomed to painful procedures, as each experience of pain is unique.
2. Which information about hemophilia will the nurse include in the teaching plan for the parents of a child diagnosed with hemophilia?
- A. Autosomal dominant disorder in which the blood clotting factors are deficient.
- B. X-linked recessive inherited disorder in which blood clotting factors are deficient.
- C. X-linked recessive inherited disorder involving decreased platelets causing prolonged bleeding.
- D. Autosomal recessive disorder in which the blood clotting factors are deficient.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder, primarily affecting males and passed from mothers to sons. It involves a deficiency in clotting factors, leading to prolonged bleeding. Choice A is incorrect as hemophilia is not autosomal dominant. Choice C is incorrect as hemophilia does not involve platelets. Choice D is incorrect as hemophilia is not autosomal recessive.
3. The nurse on a pediatric unit is writing guidelines for age-specific preparation of children for procedures based on developmental characteristics. What guideline is accurate?
- A. Inform toddlers about an upcoming procedure 2 hours before the procedure is to be performed.
- B. Inform school-age children about an upcoming procedure immediately before the procedure is scheduled to occur.
- C. Discourage parent presence during procedures on infants and toddlers.
- D. Use simple diagrams of anatomy and physiology to explain a procedure to a school-age child.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Using simple diagrams helps school-age children understand what to expect in a procedure, catering to their developmental level and reducing anxiety. Informing toddlers too early can increase anxiety, and parents' presence is generally comforting, not discouraging.
4. What is known as providing families with information on normal growth and development and nurturing child-rearing practices before the child enters that stage of development?
- A. Holistic nursing
- B. Evidence-based practice
- C. Morbidity
- D. Anticipatory guidance
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Anticipatory guidance is the process of providing parents with information about expected developmental milestones and how to address common issues that may arise during different stages of their child's growth. This proactive approach helps parents prepare for and support their child's development. Holistic nursing (choice A) refers to a comprehensive and integrated approach to healthcare that considers the whole person. Evidence-based practice (choice B) involves making clinical decisions based on the best available evidence. Morbidity (choice C) refers to the prevalence of a disease in a population.
5. A young mother asks if her 9-month-old can begin drinking cow’s milk instead of formula. You explain that:
- A. Cow’s milk is easier to digest than formula
- B. Breast milk or formula should be used for now because whole cow’s milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year
- C. As long as whole milk is given and not skim milk, it is okay
- D. Cow’s milk will decrease the chance of iron deficiency anemia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Breast milk or formula should be used for now because whole cow’s milk is not recommended for infants under 1 year. Cow’s milk is not suitable for infants under 1 year of age as it lacks essential nutrients like iron and can lead to iron deficiency. Therefore, it is important to continue with breast milk or formula to ensure the baby's nutritional needs are met. Choice A is incorrect as cow’s milk is not easier to digest than formula for infants. Choice C is incorrect as the type of milk, whether whole or skim, is not the primary concern at this age. Choice D is incorrect as cow’s milk can actually increase the risk of iron deficiency anemia in infants.
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