ATI RN
ATI Fluid Electrolyte and Acid-Base Regulation
1. After providing discharge teaching, a nurse assesses the clients understanding regarding increased risk for metabolic alkalosis. Which statement indicates the client needs additional teaching?
- A. . I dont drink milk because it gives me gas and diarrhea
- B. I have been taking digoxin every day for the last 15 years
- C. . I take sodium bicarbonate after every meal to prevent heartburn
- D. In hot weather, I sweat so much that I drink six glasses of water each day.
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
2. . A 73-year-old man comes into the emergency department (ED) by ambulance after slipping on a small carpet in his home. The patient fell on his hip with a resultant fracture. He is alert and oriented; his pupils are equal and reactive to light and accommodation. His heart rate is elevated, he is anxious and thirsty, a Foley catheter is placed, and 40 mL of urine is present. What is the nurses most likely explanation for the low urine output?
- A. The man urinated prior to his arrival to the ED and will probably not need to have the Foley catheter kept in place.
- B. The man likely has a traumatic brain injury, lacks antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and needs vasopressin.
- C. The man is experiencing symptoms of heart failure and is releasing atrial natriuretic peptide that results in decreased urine output.
- D. The man is having a sympathetic reaction, which has stimulated the reninangiotensinaldosterone system that results in diminished urine output.
Correct answer: D
Rationale:
3. The nurse is assessing the patient for the presence of a Chvosteks sign. What electrolyte imbalance would a positive Chvosteks sign indicate?
- A. Hypermagnesemia
- B. Hyponatremia
- C. Hypocalcemia
- D. Hyperkalemia
Correct answer: C
Rationale:
4. You are doing discharge teaching with a patient who has hypophosphatemia during his time in hospital. The patient has a diet ordered that is high in phosphate. What foods would you teach this patient to include in his diet? Select all that do not apply
- A. Milk
- B. Beef
- C. Poultry
- D. Liver
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has just had a central venous access line inserted. Which action should the nurse take next?
- A. Begin the prescribed infusion via the new access
- B. Ensure an x-ray is completed to confirm placement.
- C. Check medication calculations with a second RN.
- D. Make sure the solution is appropriate for a central line
Correct answer: B
Rationale:
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