ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam 2024
1. When is sterile technique used?
- A. During strict isolation procedures
- B. After terminal disinfection is performed
- C. For invasive procedures
- D. When protective isolation is necessary
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Sterile technique is utilized during invasive procedures to prevent the introduction of pathogens, minimizing the risk of infections. This strict approach ensures that the procedure is performed in a sterile environment, reducing the chances of contamination and subsequent complications.
2. What do high-pitched gurgles heard over the right lower quadrant indicate?
- A. Increased bowel motility
- B. Decreased bowel motility
- C. Normal bowel sounds
- D. Abdominal cramping
Correct answer: C
Rationale: High-pitched gurgles heard over the right lower quadrant indicate normal bowel sounds. Bowel sounds can vary in pitch, and high-pitched gurgles are considered normal and indicate the presence of active peristalsis in the intestines.
3. The physician orders a maintenance dose of 5,000 units of subcutaneous heparin (an anticoagulant) daily. Nursing responsibilities for Mrs. Mitchell now include:
- A. Reviewing daily activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time.
- B. Reporting an APTT above 45 seconds to the physician
- C. Assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of frank and occult bleeding
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. When a physician orders a maintenance dose of subcutaneous heparin, nursing responsibilities include reviewing daily activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time to monitor the patient's coagulation status, reporting an APTT above 45 seconds to the physician as it may indicate a risk of bleeding, and assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of frank and occult bleeding, which are potential adverse effects of anticoagulant therapy. Therefore, all the options listed are essential nursing responsibilities when a patient is on subcutaneous heparin therapy.
4. Which of the following actions will most likely lead to a break in the sterile technique for respiratory isolation?
- A. Opening the patient’s window to the outside environment
- B. Turning on the patient’s room ventilator
- C. Opening the door of the patient’s room leading into the hospital corridor
- D. Failing to wear gloves when administering a bed bath
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Failure to wear gloves during a bed bath can potentially introduce pathogens, compromising the sterile technique necessary for respiratory isolation. Proper hand hygiene and personal protective equipment are crucial to prevent the transmission of infectious agents in such settings.
5. Which of the following is not a cause of tachycardia?
- A. Fever
- B. Exercise
- C. Sympathetic nervous system stimulation
- D. Parasympathetic nervous system stimulation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Tachycardia is an increased heart rate, and it can be caused by various factors such as fever, exercise, and sympathetic nervous system stimulation, all of which tend to increase heart rate. However, parasympathetic nervous system stimulation typically slows the heart rate, making it the exception among the choices provided. Thus, parasympathetic nervous system stimulation is not a cause of tachycardia.
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