ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2019 B with NGN
1. What is the definition of malpractice in the context of professional negligence?
- A. Failure to follow personal standards of care
- B. Failure to act in a reasonable and prudent manner by a professional
- C. Harm caused by a healthcare team due to miscommunication
- D. Failure to document patient care properly
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct definition of malpractice in the context of professional negligence is the failure to act in a reasonable and prudent manner by a professional. This choice is correct because malpractice occurs when a professional does not meet the standard of care expected in their field, leading to harm or injury to the client. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because malpractice is specifically about the failure to meet professional standards of care, rather than personal standards, miscommunication within a healthcare team, or inadequate documentation of patient care.
2. A nurse is caring for a newborn in the nursery following a circumcision. The newborn's grandparent, who does not have an identification bracelet, requests to take the newborn to his parents' room. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Check the newborn's identification bracelet against the chart
- B. Obtain permission from the newborn's parents
- C. Respectfully deny the grandparent's request
- D. Review the newborn's footprints record
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, where the grandparent lacks proper identification, the nurse should respectfully deny the request to take the newborn. It is crucial to prioritize the newborn's safety and security by following hospital policies and procedures. Checking the newborn's identification bracelet against the chart (Choice A) may not be sufficient to address the situation at hand, as the grandparent's lack of identification is the primary concern. While obtaining permission from the newborn's parents (Choice B) is important, the lack of proper identification from the grandparent takes precedence. Reviewing the newborn's footprints record (Choice D) is not necessary in this situation, as the immediate concern is ensuring proper identification and security before allowing the newborn to leave the nursery.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who had a total thyroidectomy and has a serum calcium level of 7.6 mg/dL. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Shortened QT intervals
- B. Hypoactive deep tendon reflexes
- C. Tingling of the extremities
- D. Constipation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tingling of the extremities. Tingling is a common symptom of hypocalcemia, which is expected with low calcium levels after a thyroidectomy. Option A, shortened QT intervals, is associated with hypercalcemia rather than hypocalcemia. Option B, hypoactive deep tendon reflexes, is not typically related to hypocalcemia. Option D, constipation, is not a common finding associated with low calcium levels.
4. A client with left hemiparesis is learning how to use a cane. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Place the cane approximately 61 cm (24 in) in front of their feet before advancing
- B. Advance the stronger leg and the cane together to support the weaker leg
- C. Remove the rubber tip when using the cane
- D. Hold the cane on the right side to provide support for the weaker leg
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct way to use a cane for a client with left hemiparesis is to hold the cane on the right side to provide support for the weaker left leg. This allows for better stability and weight distribution. Placing the cane approximately 61 cm (24 in) in front of their feet before advancing (Choice A) is not necessary and may lead to improper gait. Advancing the stronger leg and the cane together (Choice B) is incorrect as it does not provide support for the weaker leg. Removing the rubber tip when using the cane (Choice C) is also incorrect as the rubber tip helps provide traction and stability.
5. What are the clinical signs of hyperglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus, and how should a nurse respond?
- A. Monitoring blood glucose levels and administering insulin
- B. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
- C. Fatigue, blurred vision, and fruity breath
- D. Educating the patient on blood glucose monitoring
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct signs of hyperglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus are polyuria (excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger). These symptoms indicate high blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct response for a nurse would be to recognize these signs, monitor blood glucose levels, and administer insulin to manage the hyperglycemia. Choice A is incorrect because it only addresses the response aspect without mentioning the signs. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the classic clinical signs of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus.
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