ATI RN
Proctored Pharmacology ATI
1. A client with Bipolar disorder has a new prescription for Carbamazepine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- A. This medication can safely be taken during pregnancy.
- B. Eliminate grapefruit juice from your diet.
- C. You will need to have a complete blood count and carbamazepine levels drawn periodically.
- D. Notify your provider if you develop a rash.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Eliminate grapefruit juice from your diet." Grapefruit juice affects carbamazepine metabolism and should be avoided. It can lead to increased levels of the medication, potentially causing toxicity. Monitoring carbamazepine blood levels and the complete blood count (CBC) is essential to ensure the medication's efficacy and safety. Although choice A is incorrect (This medication can safely be taken during pregnancy), carbamazepine is classified as a Pregnancy Category D drug, which means there is positive evidence of human fetal risk. Choice D (Notify your provider if you develop a rash) is also important because carbamazepine can cause serious adverse effects like Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which can be life-threatening. Regular monitoring and prompt reporting of any rash are crucial. Therefore, choices C and D are also relevant instructions for the client.
2. A client has a new prescription for Tetracycline. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Take the medication with milk.
- B. Avoid prolonged sun exposure.
- C. Take the medication at bedtime.
- D. Expect urine to turn dark yellow.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction to include for a client prescribed Tetracycline is to 'Avoid prolonged sun exposure.' Tetracycline can cause photosensitivity, making the client more sensitive to the sun's rays. This can lead to adverse reactions like sunburn or skin rashes. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to minimize sun exposure and wear protective clothing when outdoors. Choice A is incorrect because taking Tetracycline with milk can reduce its absorption. Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific requirement to take Tetracycline at bedtime. Choice D is also incorrect as Tetracycline does not typically cause dark yellow urine.
3. When teaching a client with a new prescription for Sulfasalazine, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Expect orange discoloration of urine and skin.
- B. Increase your intake of high-sodium foods.
- C. Take the medication with a full glass of milk.
- D. Expect your stools to be black and tarry.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction to include when teaching a client with a new prescription for Sulfasalazine is to expect orange discoloration of urine and skin. Sulfasalazine can cause this harmless side effect, which does not necessitate discontinuation of the medication. It is crucial for the nurse to educate the client about this expected outcome to prevent unnecessary concern or discontinuation of the medication. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing intake of high-sodium foods is not recommended with Sulfasalazine, as it can worsen certain side effects. Taking the medication with a full glass of milk is not necessary for Sulfasalazine administration. Expecting stools to be black and tarry is not an expected side effect of Sulfasalazine.
4. A client has a new prescription for Amlodipine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include during discharge teaching?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime.
- B. Avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- C. Increase your intake of high-sodium foods.
- D. Expect a dry cough.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include during discharge teaching is to advise the client to avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can inhibit the metabolism of amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, leading to increased drug levels in the blood. This can result in potentiated side effects and potential toxicity. Option A is incorrect as amlodipine is usually taken once daily, not specifically at bedtime. Option C is incorrect because high-sodium foods are generally discouraged in individuals with hypertension. Option D is incorrect as a dry cough is not an expected side effect of amlodipine.
5. A client has a new prescription for Levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. Which of the following instructions should be included in the teaching?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Take this medication at bedtime.
- C. Expect to see results in 1 week.
- D. Do not discontinue the medication without consulting the provider.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for Levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism is not to discontinue the medication without consulting the provider. Abrupt cessation could lead to the return of hypothyroid symptoms, emphasizing the importance of medical guidance when considering any changes to the treatment plan. Choice A is incorrect because Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach, typically in the morning. Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the timing of administration for Levothyroxine. Choice C is inaccurate as it usually takes a few weeks for the full effects of Levothyroxine to be seen, not just 1 week.
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