ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023
1. What is the recommended sleep duration for 14-17-year-olds?
- A. 14-17 hours
- B. 8-10 hours
- C. 12-15 hours
- D. 9-11 hours
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The recommended sleep duration for adolescents aged 14-17 is 8-10 hours to promote optimal health. Getting enough sleep is crucial for their physical and mental well-being, as it supports growth, development, learning, and overall health.
2. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays an important role in maintaining blood pressure. Which compound in this system is most powerful at raising blood pressure?
- A. Angiotensin I
- B. Angiotensin II
- C. Angiotensin III
- D. Renin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Angiotensin II is the most potent compound in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system for raising blood pressure. It acts as a powerful vasoconstrictor, leading to increased systemic vascular resistance. Angiotensin II is formed from angiotensin I through the action of the angiotensin-converting enzyme. While renin initiates the cascade by converting angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, it is angiotensin II that exerts the strongest pressor effect.
3. The healthcare provider should question an order for glucocorticoids in the treatment of a patient with what condition?
- A. Systemic fungal infection
- B. Diabetes Mellitus
- C. Myasthenia Gravis
- D. Glaucoma
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Glucocorticoids are contraindicated in the treatment of a patient with systemic fungal infection or in patients receiving live vaccines due to their immunosuppressive effects. Glucocorticoids can exacerbate fungal infections by suppressing the immune response. While caution is advised in patients with diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis, and glaucoma, the presence of a systemic fungal infection warrants questioning the use of glucocorticoids to prevent worsening of the fungal infection.
4. When teaching parents of a school-aged child with a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the tibia, which statement by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. My child will have a cast until healing is complete.
- B. My child will receive antibiotics for several weeks.
- C. My child can return to playing sports once he is discharged.
- D. My child needs to be in contact isolation.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Osteomyelitis of the tibia typically requires antibiotic therapy for at least 4 weeks. Surgery may be necessary if the infection does not respond to antibiotics. Weight-bearing should be avoided with osteomyelitis to prevent complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a cast until healing, returning to sports immediately, and contact isolation are not primary management strategies for osteomyelitis.
5. A healthcare provider at an urgent care clinic is assessing an adolescent client who has an upper respiratory tract infection. Which of the following findings should the provider recognize as a manifestation of pertussis?
- A. Inflamed throat with exudate
- B. Purulent eye drainage
- C. Dry, hacking cough
- D. Koplik spots on buccal mucosa
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Dry, hacking cough.' A dry, hacking cough is a classic manifestation of pertussis. Pertussis typically presents with symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection, starting with a persistent, severe, and uncontrollable cough that can worsen at night. This cough is often followed by a high-pitched 'whoop' sound as the patient tries to catch their breath, hence the term 'whooping cough.' In contrast, options A, B, and D are not typically associated with pertussis. Inflamed throat with exudate may suggest a bacterial throat infection like streptococcal pharyngitis, purulent eye drainage is more indicative of a bacterial conjunctivitis, and Koplik spots on the buccal mucosa are specific to measles. Therefore, recognizing the dry, hacking cough as a manifestation of pertussis is crucial for early identification and appropriate management of the disease.
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