ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023
1. Which assessment data would cause suspicion that a 3-year-old child has Hirschsprung disease?
- A. Clay-colored stools and dark urine
- B. History of early passage of meconium in the newborn period
- C. History of chronic, progressive constipation and failure to gain weight
- D. Continual bouts of foul-smelling diarrhea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Hirschsprung disease is characterized by chronic, progressive constipation and failure to gain weight. These symptoms are indicative of the disorder due to the absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon, leading to impaired motility and obstruction.
2. When teaching parents of a school-aged child with a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the tibia, which statement by the parents indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. My child will have a cast until healing is complete.
- B. My child will receive antibiotics for several weeks.
- C. My child can return to playing sports once he is discharged.
- D. My child needs to be in contact isolation.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Osteomyelitis of the tibia typically requires antibiotic therapy for at least 4 weeks. Surgery may be necessary if the infection does not respond to antibiotics. Weight-bearing should be avoided with osteomyelitis to prevent complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a cast until healing, returning to sports immediately, and contact isolation are not primary management strategies for osteomyelitis.
3. Which type of parenting style is associated with children who rank higher on many measures of social and cognitive development?
- A. Warm, responsive, positive
- B. Neutral, rigid, critical
- C. Absent, unstructured, negative
- D. Cold, neglectful, negative
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Research has shown that a warm, responsive, and positive parenting style is associated with children who rank higher on many measures of social and cognitive development. This style promotes secure attachment, emotional regulation, and overall well-being in children. In contrast, parenting styles characterized by neutrality, rigidity, negativity, or neglect have been linked to poorer outcomes in children's development. Understanding different parenting styles can help professionals tailor interventions to support families effectively and respectfully.
4. What is the goal of pharmacologic therapy in the treatment of Parkinson�s disease?
- A. To increase the amount of acetylcholine at the pre-synaptic neurons
- B. To reduce the amount of dopamine available in the substantia nigra
- C. To balance cholinergic and dopaminergic activity in the brain
- D. To block dopamine receptors in pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neurons
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Parkinson�s disease results from a decrease in dopaminergic (inhibitory) activity, leaving an imbalance with too much cholinergic (excitatory) activity. With an increase in dopamine, the neurotransmitter activity becomes more balanced, and symptoms are controlled.
5. When conducting an initial feeding evaluation, the therapist asks the caregiver to bring the utensils, food, and high chair that they typically use. Which statement best reflects the therapist's reasoning for this?
- A. Using the child's actual materials will give the therapist an accurate picture
- B. The therapist wants to be sensitive to the child's culture
- C. The center has limited funds for food and materials
- D. The therapist would like to know if the caregiver can follow directions
Correct answer: A
Rationale: By having the caregiver bring the child's familiar utensils, food, and high chair, the therapist can observe the child's typical eating behaviors and challenges accurately. This provides valuable insights that help in tailoring appropriate interventions to address feeding issues effectively.
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