ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023
1. What is the goal of pharmacologic therapy in the treatment of Parkinson�s disease?
- A. To increase the amount of acetylcholine at the pre-synaptic neurons
- B. To reduce the amount of dopamine available in the substantia nigra
- C. To balance cholinergic and dopaminergic activity in the brain
- D. To block dopamine receptors in pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neurons
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Parkinson�s disease results from a decrease in dopaminergic (inhibitory) activity, leaving an imbalance with too much cholinergic (excitatory) activity. With an increase in dopamine, the neurotransmitter activity becomes more balanced, and symptoms are controlled.
2. Which clean-catch urinalysis finding should raise the most concern for a child admitted to an urgent care center to rule out a urinary tract infection?
- A. 2+ white blood cells
- B. 1+ red blood cells
- C. Urine appearance: cloudy
- D. Specific gravity: 1.009
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A specific gravity of 1.009 is low, indicating diluted urine, which can be concerning in the context of a urinary tract infection. Diluted urine may suggest inadequate concentration due to increased fluid intake or impaired kidney function, which are important considerations in the assessment of a possible UTI.
3. The nurse is teaching a patient with cancer about a new prescription for a fentanyl patch, 25mcg/hr. for chronic back pain. Which statement is the most appropriate to include in the teaching plan.
- A. You will need to change this patch every day, regardless of your pain level.
- B. This type of pain medication is not as likely to cause breathing problems.
- C. With the first patch, it will take about 24hrs before you feel the full effects.
- D. Use your heating pad for the back pain. It will also improve the patch�s effectiveness.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Full analgesic effects can take up to 24 hours to develop with fentanyl patches. Most patches are changed every 72 hours. Has the same adverse effects as other opioids, including respiratory depression. Should avoid exposing the patch to external heat sources, because this may increase toxicity.
4. A toddler has minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) and 3+ pitting edema. Which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Encourage an increased fluid intake for the toddler
- B. Place the child in an Airborne infection isolation room
- C. Increase the toddler's dietary sodium intake
- D. Administer corticosteroids to the toddler
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In managing minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) in children with pitting edema, corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment. Corticosteroids help reduce inflammation and decrease proteinuria, addressing the underlying cause of MCNS. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize administering the prescribed corticosteroids to the toddler as part of the plan of care.
5. A healthcare professional is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should the professional expect?
- A. Hypoalbuminemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Polyuria
- D. Hyperglycemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In nephrotic syndrome, there is excessive loss of protein in the urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia. This results in decreased oncotic pressure, causing fluid to shift into the interstitial spaces, leading to edema. Hyperkalemia, polyuria, and hyperglycemia are not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99