ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. Which is NOT a characteristic or function of lipids?
- A. Involved in energy metabolism and storage
- B. Provide insulation and protection
- C. Act as hormones that regulate the body
- D. Are hydrophilic
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Lipids are known for several functions including involvement in energy metabolism and storage (Choice A), providing insulation and protection (Choice B), and acting as hormones that regulate the body (Choice C). However, lipids are not hydrophilic (water-attracting), contrary to choice D. They are actually hydrophobic, meaning they repel water and do not mix well with it. This is a key property that differentiates them from many other biological molecules.
2. Which suggestion is most appropriate to increase calorie intake for a patient with stomach cancer, aiming to prevent weight loss and wasting?
- A. Replace whole fat milk with skim milk or water
- B. Avoid peanut butter and other nuts
- C. Choose high-fat meat instead of lean meat
- D. Limit alcohol intake to two drinks per day
Correct answer: C: Choose high-fat meat instead of lean meat
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Choose high-fat meat instead of lean meat. High-fat meats are more calorie-dense than lean meats, which makes them a good choice for increasing calorie intake. This is crucial for patients with stomach cancer who want to avoid weight loss and wasting. Choice A is incorrect because skim milk or water contains fewer calories than whole fat milk. Choice B is also incorrect because peanut butter and nuts are high in calories and therefore should not be avoided when trying to increase calorie intake. Finally, choice D is not a good suggestion to increase calorie intake as alcohol does not provide the necessary nutrients needed for a balanced diet. In fact, excessive alcohol can harm the liver and other organs, and it's not a reliable source of calories.
3. Which list contains fatty acids that reduce cardiovascular disease risk?
- A. omega 3, trans fatty acids, saturated fatty acids
- B. EPA and DHA
- C. omega 6, omega 3, partially hydrogenated oil
- D. omega 3, EPA, saturated fatty acids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), both omega-3 fatty acids, are known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
4. Saturated fats are generally found in animal products with a few exceptions. Which of the following is a plant product that contains a large proportion of saturated fat?
- A. canola oil
- B. olive oil
- C. soybean oil
- D. coconut oil
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Coconut oil is a plant-based oil that is high in saturated fat, unlike most other plant oils, which are typically unsaturated.
5. Does taste perception decline with age, and are individuals taking three or more medications likely to have less taste sensitivity, requiring greater amounts of sodium and sugar to perceive these tastes?
- A. Both statements are true
- B. Both statements are false
- C. The first statement is true; the second is false
- D. The first statement is false; the second is true
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Both statements are indeed true. As people age, their taste perception tends to decline. This change can be further exacerbated by the use of multiple medications, which can potentially dull taste sensitivity even more. Consequently, these individuals often need to consume foods with higher levels of sodium and sugar in order to perceive these tastes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they deny either one or both of these established facts.
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