ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. Any disease that produces ____ malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K.
- A. water
- B. protein
- C. fat
- D. carbs
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble, meaning they require fat for absorption. Diseases that cause fat malabsorption can lead to deficiencies in these vitamins.
2. Which organ absorbs water and vitamin K and may be affected by ulcerative colitis?
- A. Stomach
- B. Pancreas
- C. Large intestine
- D. Small intestine
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The large intestine is the organ that is primarily responsible for the absorption of water and vitamin K in the human body. A disease like ulcerative colitis can disrupt these functions by causing inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine, leading to digestive issues. The stomach (Choice A) primarily functions to break down and digest food, not to absorb water and vitamins. The pancreas (Choice B) secretes enzymes to aid in digestion and hormones to regulate blood sugar, but does not absorb water and vitamins. The small intestine (Choice D) is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients from digested food, but not specifically water and vitamin K. Therefore, these other choices are incorrect.
3. Saturated fats are generally found in animal products with a few exceptions. Which of the following is a plant product that contains a large proportion of saturated fat?
- A. canola oil
- B. olive oil
- C. soybean oil
- D. coconut oil
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Coconut oil is a plant-based oil that is high in saturated fat, unlike most other plant oils, which are typically unsaturated.
4. Which nutrient deficiency are people who regularly take prescription drugs such as steroids and diuretics at risk for?
- A. Potassium
- B. Selenium
- C. Iodine
- D. Chloride
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Regular intake of prescription drugs like steroids and diuretics can lead to the loss of potassium in the body, causing a condition known as hypokalemia. Therefore, people on these medications require careful monitoring and often need potassium supplementation to prevent this deficiency. The other options, selenium, iodine, and chloride, are incorrect because there is no specific link between their deficiency and the regular use of steroids and diuretics.
5. What is the procedure called when direct observations are used to generate an estimate of a client's current food intake?
- A. Food diary
- B. 24-hour recall
- C. Kilocalorie count
- D. Nutrient surveillance record
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A kilocalorie count is the correct answer as it involves directly observing a client's food intake, which is often used in hospitals to accurately assess nutritional intake and ensure it meets dietary requirements. A food diary (Choice A) is typically self-reported by the client and not directly observed. A 24-hour recall (Choice B) is also usually self-reported and relies on a client's memory of the past 24 hours, which can be unreliable. A nutrient surveillance record (Choice D) is a broader term for tracking nutrient intake in a population and is not specific to the direct observation of an individual's food intake.
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