ATI RN
ATI Nutrition Practice A
1. What is the procedure called when direct observations are used to generate an estimate of a client's current food intake?
- A. Food diary
- B. 24-hour recall
- C. Kilocalorie count
- D. Nutrient surveillance record
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A kilocalorie count is the correct answer as it involves directly observing a client's food intake, which is often used in hospitals to accurately assess nutritional intake and ensure it meets dietary requirements. A food diary (Choice A) is typically self-reported by the client and not directly observed. A 24-hour recall (Choice B) is also usually self-reported and relies on a client's memory of the past 24 hours, which can be unreliable. A nutrient surveillance record (Choice D) is a broader term for tracking nutrient intake in a population and is not specific to the direct observation of an individual's food intake.
2. Which nutrient is most important for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects?
- A. Iron
- B. Folate
- C. Calcium
- D. Vitamin D
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Folate (or folic acid) is crucial for the prevention of neural tube defects during pregnancy.
3. Which risk factors increase the risk of atherosclerosis?
- A. Exercise
- B. Excessive sun exposure
- C. Insufficient vaccinations
- D. Smoking
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Smoking is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. It significantly contributes to the buildup of plaque in the arteries and thereby increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, exercise is generally beneficial for cardiovascular health and is not a risk factor for atherosclerosis. Excessive sun exposure and insufficient vaccinations have no established links to atherosclerosis, making them incorrect options for this question.
4. What are the contraindications for using MI Paste?
- A. Children under six
- B. Individuals with a milk casein allergy
- C. Pregnant women
- D. Both A and B
Correct answer: D
Rationale: MI Paste is contraindicated in children under six and in individuals with a milk casein allergy. The reason is that MI Paste contains casein phosphopeptide, which is derived from milk. Therefore, it may cause allergic reactions in those who are sensitive to milk proteins. Pregnant women (Choice C) are not contraindicated for using MI Paste unless they have a known allergy to milk casein. Hence, the correct answer is 'D: Both A and B'.
5. The nurse understands that malnutrition is a prevalent issue among hospitalized individuals. What is it commonly associated with?
- A. Decreased health care expenses
- B. Elevated blood pressure
- C. Decreased mortality rates
- D. A compromised immune system
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Malnutrition is often associated with a weakened immune system. This is because when the body is not sufficiently nourished, it lacks the necessary nutrients to maintain a well-functioning immune system, making patients more vulnerable to infections and other health complications. This can potentially increase mortality rates and prolong hospital stays, contrary to choice C. Choices A and B are incorrect as malnutrition does not lead to decreased health care costs or high blood pressure. In fact, it may increase health care costs due to the potential for increased complications and extended hospital stays.
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