ATI RN
ATI Capstone Comprehensive Assessment B
1. The nurse is performing hand hygiene before assisting a healthcare provider with insertion of a chest tube. While washing hands, the nurse touches the sink. Which action will the nurse take next?
- A. Repeat handwashing using antiseptic soap.
- B. Inform the healthcare provider and recruit another nurse to assist.
- C. Extend the handwashing procedure to 5 minutes.
- D. Rinse and dry hands and begin assisting the healthcare provider.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The sink is considered a contaminated area. When hand hygiene is compromised during the process, it is essential to repeat handwashing using antiseptic soap to ensure proper hygiene. Choice B is incorrect because the situation can be managed by proper handwashing. Choice C is incorrect as extending the handwashing procedure to 5 minutes is not necessary in this scenario. Choice D is incorrect as the hands need to be properly cleaned before assisting the healthcare provider.
2. A healthcare provider is assessing a patient with dehydration. Which finding indicates the patient's condition is worsening?
- A. Dry mucous membranes.
- B. Tachycardia and low blood pressure.
- C. Bradycardia and shallow respirations.
- D. Clear lung sounds.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Tachycardia and low blood pressure are indicative of worsening dehydration in a patient. Tachycardia is the body's compensatory mechanism to maintain cardiac output in response to decreased intravascular volume, while low blood pressure reflects inadequate perfusion due to decreased fluid levels. Bradycardia and shallow respirations are not typical findings in worsening dehydration, and clear lung sounds do not directly correlate with the severity of dehydration.
3. A patient may need restraints. Which task can the nurse delegate to a nursing assistive personnel?
- A. Determining the need for restraints
- B. Obtaining an order for a restraint
- C. Assessing the patient's orientation
- D. Applying the restraint
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is applying the restraint (Choice D). Nursing assistive personnel can be delegated the task of applying restraints under the supervision and direction of a nurse. Determining the need for restraints (Choice A) and obtaining an order for a restraint (Choice B) involve clinical judgment and assessment, which are responsibilities of the nurse. Assessing the patient's orientation (Choice C) also requires a level of assessment that should be performed by a nurse.
4. A healthcare professional is assessing a patient with pneumonia. Which finding is most concerning?
- A. Fever of 101°F.
- B. Blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg.
- C. Heart rate of 95 beats per minute.
- D. Crackles heard in the lung bases.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Crackles heard in the lung bases are most concerning in a patient with pneumonia as they suggest fluid accumulation in the lungs, indicating possible severe infection or respiratory distress. Prompt intervention is required to prevent further complications.\n\nChoice A, fever of 101°F, is common in infections like pneumonia but may not be as immediately concerning as crackles indicating fluid in the lungs.\n\nChoice B, a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg, is within normal limits and not directly indicative of pneumonia severity.\n\nChoice C, a heart rate of 95 beats per minute, is slightly elevated but not as critical as crackles suggesting fluid in the lungs.
5. Which action by the nurse demonstrates effective infection control measures?
- A. Perform hand hygiene before and after patient contact.
- B. Wear gloves when administering medications.
- C. Dispose of used equipment in designated containers.
- D. Wear a mask when interacting with the patient.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform hand hygiene before and after patient contact. Effective hand hygiene is a fundamental infection control measure that helps prevent the spread of pathogens. Wearing gloves when administering medications (choice B) is important for protecting both the patient and the nurse but is not a direct demonstration of infection control. Disposing of used equipment in designated containers (choice C) is more related to proper waste management than infection control. Wearing a mask when interacting with the patient (choice D) is essential in certain situations, but hand hygiene is a more universal and critical practice for infection control.
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