ATI RN
ATI Capstone Comprehensive Assessment B
1. A family was referred to crisis intervention services after a natural disaster. One family member refuses to attend, stating, 'No way, I'm not crazy.' What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Don't worry now. The psychiatrists are well trained to help.
- B. Many times, disasters can create mental health problems, so you really should participate with your family.
- C. This will help your family communicate better.
- D. Seeking this kind of help does not mean that you have a mental illness; it is a short-term problem-solving technique.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should reassure the family member that seeking help does not imply mental illness, but is part of coping with the disaster.
2. What is the most important nursing intervention for a patient with diarrhea?
- A. Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake.
- B. Monitor the patient's skin integrity.
- C. Check the patient's electrolyte levels.
- D. Educate the patient about infection control measures.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to monitor the patient's skin integrity. This is crucial because diarrhea can lead to skin breakdown due to frequent bowel movements and increased moisture in the perineal area. By monitoring skin integrity, nurses can prevent skin breakdown, infection, and other associated issues. Encouraging fluid intake (Choice A) is important but not the most critical intervention. Checking electrolyte levels (Choice C) is essential but may not be the top priority at the onset. Educating the patient about infection control (Choice D) is important but secondary to preventing skin breakdown in a patient with diarrhea.
3. What should be done to manage a patient with contact precautions?
- A. Wear a mask, gown, and gloves for all patient interactions.
- B. Ensure that visitors wear protective equipment.
- C. Dedicate all patient care equipment to that patient.
- D. Disinfect shared equipment before use.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When managing a patient with contact precautions, it is essential to dedicate all patient care equipment to that specific patient. This practice helps minimize the risk of spreading infections to other patients. Choice A, wearing protective gear for all patient interactions, is a general precaution but not specific to managing a patient with contact precautions. Choice B, ensuring visitors wear protective equipment, is important for infection control but not directly related to managing the patient with contact precautions. Choice D, disinfecting shared equipment before use, is a good practice for infection control in general but does not address the specific needs of a patient under contact precautions.
4. A nursing instructor is observing a nursing student practicing standard precautions. Which observation by the instructor indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. The nursing student wears a gown to change the bed of an incontinent client.
- B. The nursing student washes hands before making contact with the client.
- C. The nursing student washes her hands before glove removal after emptying a Foley bag.
- D. The nursing student changes gloves between tasks and procedures.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nursing student washing her hands before glove removal after emptying a Foley bag indicates a need for further teaching. Hands should be washed after glove removal to maintain proper infection control. Choice A is correct as wearing a gown when changing the bed of an incontinent client is a standard precaution. Choice B is correct as washing hands before making contact with the client is a good practice. Choice D is correct as changing gloves between tasks and procedures is a standard precaution to prevent the spread of infection.
5. When educating a patient with hypertension about lifestyle changes, what is the most crucial advice to provide?
- A. Advise the patient to reduce salt intake.
- B. Instruct the patient to limit alcohol consumption.
- C. Recommend the patient to exercise for 30 minutes every day.
- D. Instruct the patient to avoid high-cholesterol foods.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The most critical lifestyle change for a patient with hypertension is to reduce salt intake. Excessive salt consumption can lead to increased blood pressure levels. While limiting alcohol consumption (Choice B) and regular exercise (Choice C) are also beneficial for managing hypertension, reducing salt intake has a more direct impact on blood pressure control. Avoiding high-cholesterol foods (Choice D) is important for heart health but may not have as significant an impact on blood pressure as reducing salt intake.
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