Nursing Elites

1. Which medical problem is not generally associated with malnutrition?

• A. incontinence
• B. pressure sores
• C. celiac disease
• D. major surgery

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Incontinence is not typically associated with malnutrition, whereas conditions like pressure sores and celiac disease are directly linked to nutritional deficiencies and malabsorption.

2. A nurse is instructing a group of clients about nutrition. The nurse should include that which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?

• A. Soybeans
• B. Grains
• C. Legumes
• D. Green vegetables

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Soybeans are a good source of high-quality protein. They contain all the essential amino acids needed by the body. Grains, legumes, and green vegetables do not provide as much high-quality protein as soybeans. Grains and legumes are good sources of protein but may lack some essential amino acids, while green vegetables generally have lower protein content compared to soybeans.

3. A client is following Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. Which of the following dietary guidelines should the nurse include in the plan of care?

• A. Replace salt with pepper when seasoning food.
• B. Request that coffee is removed from meal trays.
• C. Offer pork with two meals per week.
• D. Provide a high-protein snack between meals.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Seventh-Day Adventists typically avoid stimulants like caffeine, so requesting that coffee be removed from meal trays is appropriate. Choice A is incorrect because it does not specifically relate to Seventh-Day Adventist dietary guidelines. Choice C is incorrect as pork is generally avoided in Seventh-Day Adventist dietary laws. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the specific dietary preferences of Seventh-Day Adventist clients.

4. Which of the following is a normal change observed in an elderly individual?

• A. Enhanced sense of taste
• B. Increased appetite
• C. Frequent urination
• D. Lens thinning

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, frequent urination. As people age, they may experience physiological changes that can lead to an increased frequency of urination. This is due to a decrease in bladder capacity and increased bladder irritability, which are normal age-related changes. On the contrary, the sense of taste (Choice A) and appetite (Choice B) often decrease with age, not increase. As for Choice D, the lens of the eye actually thickens with age, not thins, leading to conditions like presbyopia. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

5. In monitoring the patient in PACU, the nurse correctly identifies that checking the patient's vital signs is done every:

• A. 1 hour
• B. 5 minutes
• C. 15 minutes
• D. 30 minutes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Vital signs monitoring in the PACU (Post-Anesthesia Care Unit) is typically done every hour to closely monitor the patient's condition during the immediate postoperative period. This frequency allows the nurse to promptly identify any changes in the patient's vital signs and intervene as necessary. Choice B (5 minutes) is too frequent for routine vital signs monitoring in the PACU and may not allow for a comprehensive assessment of the patient's stability. Choice C (15 minutes) and Choice D (30 minutes) are also not in line with the standard practice of vital signs monitoring in the PACU, which is typically hourly.

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