Nursing Elites

1. Which mental health disorder can lead to the erosion of lingual enamel, enlarged parotid glands, palatal bruising, and dentinal hypersensitivity?

• A. Bulimia
• B. Anorexia nervosa
• C. Depression
• D. Schizophrenia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bulimia. Bulimia involves repeated episodes of binge eating followed by purging, which can lead to the erosion of lingual enamel, enlarged parotid glands, palatal bruising, and dentinal hypersensitivity. This behavior exposes the teeth to stomach acid during purging, causing damage to the enamel. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because these conditions are not typically associated with the specific oral health issues mentioned in the question.

2. A nurse is providing nutritional information to a client with osteoporosis. Which food should the nurse recommend as being the highest in calcium?

• A. 1 cup carrot strips
• B. 3 oz canned salmon
• C. 1 plain baked potato
• D. 1 cup chopped chicken breast

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Canned salmon with bones is high in calcium.

3. Does the hypothalamus control the feeling of hunger and satiety, and are fats the best nutrient in creating the feeling of satiety?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Yes, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating hunger and satiety. Fats are indeed known to be highly satiating nutrients, helping to create a feeling of fullness and satisfaction after a meal. Therefore, both statements are true. Choice B is incorrect because fats are indeed effective in promoting satiety.

4. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has just learned that she has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should explain that which of the following sweeteners will add calories to the client's carbohydrate count?

• A. Sorbitol
• B. Sucralose
• C. Aspartame
• D. Acesulfame potassium

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sorbitol is a sweetener that will add calories to the client's carbohydrate count. It is a sugar alcohol that provides about 2.6 calories per gram. Sucralose, aspartame, and acesulfame potassium are all non-nutritive sweeteners that do not contribute significant calories to the diet. Sucralose is about 600 times sweeter than sucrose but does not add calories. Aspartame is a low-calorie sweetener that is approximately 200 times sweeter than sucrose, and acesulfame potassium is a calorie-free sweetener.

5. With which of the following should fluoride supplements never be taken?

• A. Water
• B. Juice
• C. Milk
• D. Soda

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fluoride supplements should never be taken with milk because the fluoride binds with the calcium in the milk, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the fluoride supplement. Other beverages like water, juice, or soda do not share this characteristic as they do not contain the same level of calcium as milk. The rationale behind choosing milk as the correct answer is that it hampers the effectiveness of fluoride supplements, whereas the other choices do not.

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