Nursing Elites

1. Which food is the best source of omega-3 fatty acids?

• A. Chicken breast
• B. Salmon
• C. Almonds
• D. Eggs

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Salmon is high in omega-3 fatty acids, beneficial for cardiovascular health.

2. Which vitamin acts most like a hormone?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin B
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin C

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D. Although vitamin D, also known as calciferol, has been called a vitamin, it is more appropriately classified as a hormone. Like hormones, vitamin D acts to control the function of other cell types. For example, it helps the body absorb and regulate skeletal calcium and phosphorus levels. Choice A (Vitamin A) plays a crucial role in vision and immune function. Choice B (Vitamin B) is a complex of different vitamins that play various roles in the body. Choice D (Vitamin C) is important for collagen production and acts as an antioxidant.

3. Each statement is true of rickets, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Rickets is being diagnosed more frequently in the United States.
• B. Rickets is caused by vitamin C deficiency.
• C. Tachetic deformities such as bow legs or knock-knees develop.
• D. A narrow and distorted chest occurs.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rickets is caused by vitamin D deficiency, not vitamin C deficiency. It usually occurs in children who are 1 to 3 years old. The name rickets came from the word 'wrikken,' meaning 'to bend or twist.' Common manifestations of rickets include tachetic deformities like bow legs or knock-knees, a narrow and distorted chest, and failure of the epiphyses of bones to develop normally, resulting in twisted and warped bones. While the diagnosis of rickets may be increasing in the United States, it is not caused by a lack of vitamin C.

4. During early tooth development, vitamin A deficiency leads to enamel hypoplasia and defective dentin formation. Because of its effect on soft tissues and bone, vitamin A contributes to normal spacing of teeth.

• A. Both statements are true.
• B. Both statements are false.
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false.
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. The effect of vitamin A on the growth of soft tissues and bones naturally extends to the teeth and surrounding structures. Enamel hypoplasia, involving defective enamel matrix and incomplete calcification of enamel and dentin, can be due to vitamin A deficiency. The effect of this vitamin upon surrounding bone directly affects spacing patterns of the teeth within the bone and dentition. Choice A is correct because both statements accurately describe the influence of vitamin A on tooth development. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the accuracy of the statements provided.

5. In one of your home visit to Mr. JUN, you found out that his son is sick with cholera. There is a great possibility that other member of the family will also get cholera. This possibility is a/an:

• A. Foreseeable crisis
• B. Health threat
• C. Health deficit
• D. Crisis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

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