Nursing Elites

1. What is the first step in the scientific method?

• A. Conduct an experiment
• B. Make an observation and ask a question
• C. Formulate a hypothesis
• D. Reach a consensus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The first step in the scientific method is to make an observation and ask a question. This is because the scientific method is a systematic process of investigation that begins with observing a phenomenon or asking a question about it. This is followed by formulating a hypothesis (Choice C), designing and conducting an experiment to test the hypothesis (Choice A), and analyzing the results to reach a consensus or conclusion (Choice D). Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they represent steps that occur after the initial observation and question.

2. he can be expected to:

• A. Profit from vocational training with moderate supervision
• B. Live successfully in the community
• C. Perform simple tasks in closely supervised settings
• D. Acquire academic skills of 6th grade level

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

3. Diet therapy for Rudy, who has acute renal failure is low-protein, low potassium and low sodium. The nutrition instructions should include:

• A. Recommend protein of high biologic value like eggs, poultry and lean meats
• B. Encourage client to include raw cucumbers, carrot, cabbage, and tomatoes
• C. Allowing the client cheese, canned foods and other processed food
• D. Bananas, cantaloupe, orange and other fresh fruits can be included in the diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

4. For patients with hypertension, which dietary change is most recommended?

• A. Increase salt intake
• B. Reduce fiber intake
• C. Increase potassium intake
• D. Reduce sugar intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Increasing potassium intake can help reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

5. Which vitamin is also known as Niacin?

• A. Vitamin B1
• B. Vitamin B2
• C. Vitamin B3
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin B3, also known as Niacin. Niacin is essential for energy metabolism and can help improve cholesterol levels. Vitamin B1 is Thiamine, Vitamin B2 is Riboflavin, and Vitamin B12 is Cobalamin. These vitamins have different functions in the body and are not synonymous with Niacin.

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