the first step in the scientific method is to

ATI RN

ATI Nutrition Practice A

1. What is the first step in the scientific method?

A. Conduct an experiment
B. Make an observation and ask a question
C. Formulate a hypothesis
D. Reach a consensus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The first step in the scientific method is to make an observation and ask a question. This is because the scientific method is a systematic process of investigation that begins with observing a phenomenon or asking a question about it. This is followed by formulating a hypothesis (Choice C), designing and conducting an experiment to test the hypothesis (Choice A), and analyzing the results to reach a consensus or conclusion (Choice D). Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they represent steps that occur after the initial observation and question.

2. What is the most important concern immediately after a myocardial infarction?

A. Reducing cholesterol intake
B. Allowing cardiac rest for healing
C. Reducing saturated fat intake
D. Eating several small meals each day

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Immediately after a myocardial infarction, the primary concern is to allow the heart to rest and heal to prevent further damage. This is why choice B is the correct answer. While choices A, C, and D might be a part of the long-term management plan following a myocardial infarction, they are not the immediate priority. Reducing cholesterol and saturated fat intake, as well as adjusting eating habits can help prevent future heart issues, but do not directly contribute to the immediate recovery post-myocardial infarction.

3. Which of the following is not true about Pure Experimental research?

A. There is a control group
B. There is an experimental group
C. Selection of subjects in the control group is randomized
D. There is a careful selection of subjects in the experimental group

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In Pure Experimental research, subjects in the experimental group are typically selected randomly to minimize bias and ensure that the results are attributable to the intervention being studied. Therefore, the statement 'There is a careful selection of subjects in the experimental group' is not true. This careful selection would introduce bias and compromise the validity of the experimental results. Choices A, B, and C are true for Pure Experimental research as it involves both a control group, an experimental group, and randomization of subject selection in the control group to ensure comparability.

4. What intervention would be most appropriate for a patient who has difficulty eating because of chewing problems?

A. Use squeeze bottles to pour liquids into the mouth
B. Provide utensils that have modified handles
C. Offer plates with food guards
D. Provide soft foods

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Providing soft foods is crucial for patients with chewing difficulties to ensure they can consume adequate nutrition without discomfort.

5. What is the term for intestinal wounds associated with Crohn's disease that develop in different areas in the intestine, with normal tissue separating affected regions?

A. Skip lesions
B. Fistulas
C. Fissures
D. Loop ulcerations

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Skip lesions are typical characteristics of Crohn's disease, where patches of diseased intestine are interspersed with areas of healthy tissue. This is why option A is the correct answer. Option B, fistulas, are abnormal connections between two body parts, which is not what the question is describing. Option C, fissures, are small tears in the lining of the anus, which also do not fit the description in the question. Option D, loop ulcerations, is not a recognized medical term, making it an incorrect choice.