Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is assessing a client with a new diagnosis of Listeria food poisoning. What action should the nurse take first?

• A. Educate the client on safe food practices.
• B. Start a traceback to identify the source of the outbreak.
• C. Report the case to the county board of health.
• D. Ask the client if they have consumed any unpasteurized products.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct first action for the nurse to take when assessing a client with a new diagnosis of Listeria food poisoning is to inquire if the client has consumed any unpasteurized products. This is crucial because Listeria contamination is often associated with unpasteurized dairy products and undercooked meats. Educating the client on safe food practices (Choice A) is important but not the priority at this initial assessment stage. Starting a traceback to identify the source of the outbreak (Choice B) and reporting the case to the county board of health (Choice C) are necessary actions but should come after gathering information directly from the client regarding potential exposure to high-risk foods.

2. The small intestine is comprised of the cecum, colon, and rectum. The large intestine includes the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Both statements are false. The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, while the large intestine includes the cecum, colon, and rectum.

3. Which of the following methods is the best method for determining nasogastric tube placement in the stomach?

• A. X-ray
• B. Observation of gastric aspirate
• C. Testing of pH of gastric aspirate
• D. Placement of external end of tube under water

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

4. Each of the following is a form of vitamin K, except one. Which is the exception?

• A. Phylloquinone
• B. Tocopherol
• C. Menaquinone
• D. Menadione

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Tocopherol, Choice B, is not a form of vitamin K; it is another name for vitamin E. Phylloquinone (Choice A), menaquinone (Choice C), and menadione (Choice D) are all forms of vitamin K. Phylloquinone is vitamin K1 found in green plants, menaquinone is vitamin K2 produced in the large intestine and found in animal tissues, and menadione is a synthetic form of vitamin K. Therefore, Choice B is the correct answer because it does not belong to the vitamin K group, unlike the other options.

5. A nurse is teaching about nutrition to a client who has a new diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Increase phosphorus intake
• B. Limit calcium intake
• C. Limit protein intake
• D. Increase potassium intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct recommendation for a client with chronic kidney disease is to limit protein intake. Excessive protein consumption can strain the kidneys as they work to eliminate waste products from protein metabolism. This can worsen kidney function in individuals with chronic kidney disease. Therefore, limiting protein intake is crucial in managing this condition. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Increasing phosphorus intake can be harmful in kidney disease as it can lead to mineral imbalances. Limiting calcium intake is not typically necessary unless the client has specific complications. Increasing potassium intake may also be inappropriate as potassium levels can be affected in kidney disease.

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