Nursing Elites

1. Which meal should be removed for a client taking warfarin?

• A. Oriental cabbage salad with chicken
• B. Beef enchilada, rice, and beans
• C. Ham and cheese sandwich
• D. Macaroni salad and grapefruit slices

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct meal to remove for a client taking warfarin is the 'Ham and cheese sandwich.' Ham is high in vitamin K, which can interfere with the effectiveness of warfarin, a medication that works by decreasing the clotting ability of the blood. Vitamin K can counteract the effects of warfarin by promoting blood clotting. Choices A, B, and D do not contain high amounts of vitamin K and are therefore safer options for individuals taking warfarin.

2. Much of the research investigating probiotics and intestinal illness has focused on the prevention and treatment of _____.

• A. irritable bowel syndrome
• B. Crohn's disease
• C. diverticulitis
• D. infectious diarrhea

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: infectious diarrhea.' Research has extensively explored the use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of infectious diarrhea. Probiotics can aid in restoring the balance of gut flora, thereby reducing symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while probiotics may have some benefits for these conditions, the primary focus of research in relation to probiotics and intestinal illness has been on infectious diarrhea.

3. Because of increasing cases of fluorosis, low levels of fluoride are added to commercial infant formula. Breast milk provides low levels of fluoride.

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The first statement is false; fluoride is not added to infant formulas due to the risk of fluorosis. The second statement is true; breast milk contains low levels of fluoride.

4. Riboflavin

• A. Vitamin B1
• B. Vitamin B2
• C. Vitamin B3
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Riboflavin is also known as Vitamin B2, which is important for energy production and the metabolism of fats, drugs, and steroids.

5. Which of the following is NOT a physiological role of proteins?

• A. Providing resistance to disease
• B. Regulating fluid balance
• C. Repairing tissue
• D. Serving as the primary source of energy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Proteins play a diverse range of physiological roles in the body, such as providing resistance to disease, regulating fluid balance, and repairing tissues. However, they are not the primary source of energy for the body. Carbohydrates and fats typically fulfill this role. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer, as it is not a function that proteins perform. Conversely, choices A, B, and C are all physiological functions of proteins, making them incorrect responses to this particular question.

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