Nursing Elites

1. Maternal high blood glucose _________.

• A. can cause Rh factor incompatibility
• B. is linked to poorer memory in early childhood
• C. is linked to low birth weight
• D. can cause the mother's blood pressure to increase sharply

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Maternal high blood glucose is linked to poorer memory in early childhood. Research has shown that exposure to high levels of maternal blood glucose during pregnancy may negatively impact a child's memory development in early childhood. This highlights the importance of managing blood glucose levels during pregnancy for the health and development of the child. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the established link between maternal high blood glucose and poorer memory in early childhood. Rh factor incompatibility is related to blood type differences between the mother and the fetus, low birth weight can be linked to various factors other than maternal blood glucose, and sharp increases in the mother's blood pressure are not directly associated with maternal high blood glucose.

2. What is the longest stage of labor?

• A. Delivery of the baby
• B. Delivery of the placenta
• C. Dilation and effacement of the cervix
• D. Release of epinephrine and cortisol

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dilation and effacement of the cervix. This stage can last for hours, especially for first-time mothers, as the cervix needs to dilate and efface to allow for the baby's passage through the birth canal. Once the cervix is fully dilated and effaced, the woman can begin pushing during the second stage of labor to deliver the baby. The delivery of the baby itself is usually a shorter process compared to the time taken for the cervix to dilate and efface. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they represent other stages within the labor process that come after the dilation and effacement of the cervix.

3. Fraternal twins are ____________.

• A. genetically identical
• B. no more alike than ordinary siblings
• C. less common than other types of multiple offspring
• D. less likely with each additional birth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Fraternal twins are no more alike than ordinary siblings because they share about 50% of their genes, just like other siblings. Choice A is incorrect as fraternal twins are not genetically identical. Choice C is incorrect as fraternal twins are actually the most common type of multiple offspring. Choice D is incorrect as the likelihood of fraternal twins is not affected by the number of births a mother has had.

4. During her labor, Renee asks for a mild dose of painkillers to help her relax. Renee will probably be given __________.

• A. an anesthetic
• B. an analgesic
• C. folic acid
• D. an anti-inflammatory medication Answer: B Page Ref: 97 Skill Level: Apply and any dangers associated with each. Topic: Medical Interventions Difficulty Level: Moderate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Renee will likely be given an analgesic during her labor to help manage her pain and provide relaxation. Analgesics are painkillers that can help reduce pain without causing loss of consciousness, making them suitable for labor pain management. Examples of analgesics commonly used during labor include opioids like morphine and non-opioids like acetaminophen.

5. Lanugo ________.

• A. permits food and oxygen to reach the organism
• B. provides the fetus a cushion against jolts caused by the mother's movements
• C. helps regulate the fetus's body temperature
• D. helps the vernix stick to the skin

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Lanugo helps the vernix stick to the skin. Vernix is a waxy substance that covers the fetus's skin during pregnancy. Lanugo is a fine, downy hair that helps to anchor the vernix to the skin, providing protection and nourishment to the developing fetus. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the role of lanugo in prenatal development.

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